In an eco-friendly context, an adsorption study was performed in a fixed-bed column system to remove organic pollutants from dyeing wastewater, testing preliminary theoretical models and reactive blue 5G (RB5G) dye as a reference pollutant and tilapia bone-based biochar as an alternative adsorbent. Adsorption approaches in removing RB5G dye molecules from synthetic solutions were performed to understand better based on a reliable mathematical representation and provide insights and strategies into treating dyeing wastewater. Initial dye concentration, pH, temperature, and stirring velocity were used as process variables to search for maximal capacity in batch mode. Thermodynamic analysis and a series of phenomenological kinetic models were applied to understand and interpret the mechanisms and develop a predictive model for a fixed-bed column adsorption system, trying to minimize the total organic carbon (TOC) in dyeing wastewater. An intraparticle mass transfer resistance model and the Langmuir-BET isotherm better represented kinetic and equilibrium data, respectively. In the Langmuir-BET model context, the first monolayer has systematically changed its predicted Langmuir adsorption capacity from 18 mg g to 31 mg g being favored by the increase in temperature of 30 to 60 °C, respectively, with the lowest Gibbs free energies for the multilayer formation ruled by weak physical interaction. Theoretical values of the breakpoint, full saturation time, and useful column height were well predicted related to their experimental ones, including the better fitting of all adsorption curve patterns in a fixed-bed adsorption column system with an adsorption capacity of 30.4 mg g (at 50 °C) for an inlet of 200 mg L RB5G solution resembling almost the same value found in batch mode (30.9 mg g). After treating the dyeing wastewater characterized by 75 mg L RB5G dye, the adsorption capacity of 23.3 mg g was attained with a 12% loss in comparison with the expected one for a synthetic RB5G solution due to adsorptive competition with other organic pollutants. Finally, a final TOC value near 5.0 mg L, the maximum allowed for the Brazilian environmental council, was attained with an almost zero RB5G concentration after a 5-h breakpoint.

中文翻译：

---

在固定床吸附系统中使用生物炭对工业染色废水中活性蓝 5G 染料的高去除性能：基于建模、等温线和热力学研究的方法和见解

在生态友好的背景下，在固定床柱系统中进行了去除印染废水中有机污染物的吸附研究，测试了初步的理论模型，并以活性蓝5G（RB5G）染料作为参考污染物，罗非鱼骨基生物炭作为参考污染物。替代吸附剂。采用吸附方法从合成溶液中去除 RB5G 染料分子，以便基于可靠的数学表示更好地理解，并为处理染色废水提供见解和策略。初始染料浓度、pH、温度和搅拌速度被用作过程变量，以寻找批量模式的最大容量。应用热力学分析和一系列唯象动力学模型来理解和解释其机制，并开发固定床柱吸附系统的预测模型，试图最大限度地减少印染废水中的总有机碳（TOC）。颗粒内传质阻力模型和 Langmuir-BET 等温线分别更好地代表了动力学和平衡数据。在 Langmuir-BET 模型中，第一个单层已系统地将其预测的 Langmuir 吸附容量从 18 mg g-1 更改为 31 mg g-1，这分别受温度升高 30 至 60 °C 的影响，吉布斯自由能最低由弱物理相互作用控制的多层形成。断点、完全饱和时间和有用柱高的理论值与实验值相关，包括更好地拟合固定床吸附柱系统中的所有吸附曲线模式，吸附容量为 30.4 mg g（在50 °C），入口为 200 mg·L RB5G 溶液，与批量模式下的值几乎相同（30.9 mg·g）。在处理以 75 mg·L-1 RB5G 染料为特征的印染废水后，由于与其他有机污染物的吸附竞争，与合成 RB5G 溶液的预期吸附容量相比，吸附容量为 23.3 mg·g-1，损失了 12%。最后，在 5 小时断点后，RB5G 浓度几乎为零，最终 TOC 值接近 5.0 mg/L，这是巴西环境委员会允许的最大值。