The utilization of biodiesel as fuel in diesel engines leads to increased NO emissions, which is a significant pollutant that needs to be promptly mitigated. This can be achieved by incorporating natural antioxidants as an additive to suppress the NO emissions. The main focus of the current experimental investigation is to analyze the engine characteristics of Mahua biodiesel by incorporating clove as a natural antioxidant in diesel fuel. The tests encompassed a wide set of engine functioning conditions including varying loads, to ensure comprehensive analysis. The results showed a significant improvement in brake thermal efficiency, with a value of 25.7% for the blend of Mahua biodiesel at 20% concentration with diesel, compared to 24.6% for the blend of Mahua biodiesel at 20% concentration with diesel fuel containing 1000 ppm of clove extract, and 23.9% for the blend of Mahua biodiesel at 20% concentration with diesel fuel containing 2000 ppm of clove extract. The intriguing observation witnessed is that when Mahua biodiesel was blended at a 20% concentration with diesel fuel containing 2000 ppm of clove extract, it resulted in a significant percentage reduction in NO emissions by 7.7%, HC emissions by 8.8%, CO emissions by 28%, and smoke opacity by 9.9% compared to the blend of Mahua biodiesel at 20% concentration with diesel.

使用生物柴油作为柴油发动机的燃料会导致二氧化氮排放增加，这是一种需要立即减少的重要污染物。这可以通过加入天然抗氧化剂作为添加剂来抑制氮氧化物排放来实现。目前实验研究的主要重点是通过在柴油中加入丁香作为天然抗氧化剂来分析麻花生物柴油的发​​动机特性。测试涵盖了一系列广泛的发动机功能条件，包括不同的负载，以确保进行全面的分析。结果显示，制动热效率显着提高，浓度为 20% 的麻花生物柴油与柴油的混合物的制动热效率为 25.7%，而浓度为 20% 的麻花生物柴油与含 1000 ppm 柴油的混合物的制动热效率为 24.6%丁香提取物的含量为 23.9%，浓度为 20% 的麻花生物柴油与含有 2000 ppm 丁香提取物的柴油的混合物为 23.9%。有趣的是，当麻花生物柴油以 20% 的浓度与含有 2000 ppm 丁香提取物的柴油混合时，NO 排放量显着减少了 7.7%，HC 排放量减少了 8.8%，CO 排放量减少了 28%。与浓度为20%的麻花生物柴油与柴油的混合物相比，烟气不透明度提高了9.9%。