The correlation between tonsil microbiome and tonsillar hypertrophy has not been well established. Given that oral dysbiosis is related to several metabolic diseases and that tonsillar hypertrophy leads to disordered breathing during sleep and obesity in children, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between the oral microbiome and tonsillar hypertrophy. After 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of tonsillectomy samples, we evaluated the correlation between the tonsil microbiome and biochemical blood indices in pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy. Groups are classified into two categories: based on BMI, and grades 2, 3, and 4 based on tonsil size. Children with obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy have similar microbiome compositions and induce comparable changes in microbiome abundance and composition, confirming the association from a metagenomic perspective. In addition, obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy demonstrated a strong correlation with the Proteobacteria to Firmicutes (P/F) ratio, and among various biochemical indicators, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels increase with obesity and tonsillar hypertrophy, indicating a possible association of tonsil microbiome and liver metabolism. These novel findings demonstrate the significance of the tonsil microbiome and suggest the need for tonsil regulation, particularly during childhood.

扁桃体微生物群与扁桃体肥大之间的相关性尚未明确。鉴于口腔菌群失调与多种代谢性疾病有关，且扁桃体肥大导致睡眠呼吸障碍和儿童肥胖，因此有必要研究口腔微生物群与扁桃体肥大之间的关系。对扁桃体切除术样本进行 16S rRNA 扩增子测序后，我们评估了接受扁桃体切除术的儿科患者的扁桃体微生物组和生化血液指标之间的相关性。分组分为两类：基于 BMI，以及基于扁桃体大小的 2、3 和 4 级。肥胖和扁桃体肥大的儿童具有相似的微生物组组成，并引起微生物组丰度和组成的类似变化，从宏基因组的角度证实了这种关联。此外，肥胖和扁桃体肥大与变形菌门与厚壁菌门（P/F）的比率有很强的相关性，并且在各种生化指标中，丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平随着肥胖和扁桃体肥大而增加，表明扁桃体微生物组和扁桃体肥大可能存在关联。肝脏代谢。这些新发现证明了扁桃体微生物组的重要性，并表明需要进行扁桃体调节，特别是在儿童时期。