In 2017, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) introduced the inclusion of extracapsular nodal extension (ENE) into the N staging of nonviral head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), while retaining the traditional N classification based on the number and sizes of metastatic nodes. The extent of ENE was further defined as microscopic ENE (ENEmi) and major ENE (ENEma) based on extent of disease beyond the nodal capsule (≤ or > 2 mm). This article reviews the evidence and progress made since these changes were introduced.

中文翻译：

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头颈鳞状细胞癌的结外扩散：需要准确的治疗前分期以选择最佳治疗并尽量减少毒性。


2017年，美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）将囊外淋巴结延伸（ENE）纳入非病毒性头颈鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的N分期，同时保留了传统的基于数量和大小的N分期转移节点。根据超出淋巴结包膜的疾病范围（≤或> 2 mm），ENE 的范围进一步定义为微观 ENE (ENEmi) 和主要 ENE (ENEma)。本文回顾了自引入这些更改以来所取得的证据和进展。