<br>用于促进储氢的固态材料纳米工程,Chemical Society Reviews

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用于促进储氢的固态材料纳米工程
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 , DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00706e
Yunting Wang _{1,

2} , Yudong Xue ₁ , Andreas Züttel _{1,

2}

Affiliation

开发能够以高体积和重量密度安全储存氢的新型材料是大规模使用氢作为能源载体的要求。近年来，通过物理吸附剂和化学吸附剂的纳米级调整和设计策略，人们致力于改善其热力学和动力学方面。增加物理吸附剂和化学吸附剂的储氢容量/密度以及改善氢化物的脱氢动力学仍然被认为是一个挑战。先进纳米技术的广泛而快速的发展推动了研究的激增，这些研究在设计固态材料方面呈现出巨大的潜力，以满足美国能源部对车载轻型车辆、物料搬运设备和便携式电源应用的最终容量目标。与现有文献不同，本文特别关注用于促进储氢的固态材料纳米工程的最新进展，特别是纳米尺度的调整和设计策略。我们首先简要概述了用于提高固态材料储氢性能的纳米工程储氢机制，例如氢溢出、纳米泵效应、纳米尺寸效应、纳米催化和其他非经典储氢机制。然后，重点是纳米工程策略的最新进展，旨在增强多孔材料的重力储氢能力、降低脱氢温度并改善金属氢化物氢解吸/吸收的反应动力学和可逆性。提高多孔材料储氢性能的有效纳米级调控策略包括优化表面积和孔体积、微调纳米孔径、引入纳米结构掺杂以及制作纳米结构和纳米杂化材料。对于金属氢化物，成功的策略包括纳米限制、纳米尺寸和纳米催化剂的掺入。本文进一步阐述了未来的研究方向，以期引领储氢材料的实际应用。

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Nanoscale engineering of solid-state materials for boosting hydrogen storage

The development of novel materials capable of securely storing hydrogen at high volumetric and gravimetric densities is a requirement for the wide-scale usage of hydrogen as an energy carrier. In recent years, great efforts via nanoscale tuning and designing strategies on both physisorbents and chemisorbents have been devoted to improvements in their thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Increasing the hydrogen storage capacity/density for physisorbents and chemisorbents and improving the dehydrogenation kinetics of hydrides are still considered a challenge. The extensive and fast development of advanced nanotechnologies has fueled a surge in research that presents huge potential in designing solid-state materials to meet the ultimate U.S. Department of Energy capacity targets for onboard light-duty vehicles, material-handling equipments, and portable power applications. Different from the existing literature, in this review, particular attention is paid to the recent advances in nanoscale engineering of solid-state materials for boosting hydrogen storage, especially the nanoscale tuning and designing strategies. We first present a short overview of hydrogen storage mechanisms of nanoscale engineering for boosted hydrogen storage performance on solid-state materials, for example, hydrogen spillover, nanopump effect, nanosize effect, nanocatalysis, and other non-classical hydrogen storage mechanisms. Then, the focus is on recent advancements in nanoscale engineering strategies aimed at enhancing the gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity of porous materials, reducing dehydrogenation temperature and improving reaction kinetics and reversibility of hydrogen desorption/absorption for metal hydrides. Effective nanoscale tuning strategies for enhancing the hydrogen storage performance of porous materials include optimizing surface area and pore volume, fine-tuning nanopore sizes, introducing nanostructure doping, and crafting nanoarchitecture and nanohybrid materials. For metal hydrides, successful strategies involve nanoconfinement, nanosizing, and the incorporation of nanocatalysts. This review further addresses the points to future research directions in the hope of ushering in the practical applications of hydrogen storage materials.

更新日期：2023-12-20

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