The traditional flame-retardant method for carbon fiber reinforced vinyl ester resin composites is to add a large amount of solid flame retardants, which not only leads to the deterioration of the material's mechanical properties, but also increases the resin viscosity and affects the molding process of composites. In addressing this issue, this work adopts a liquid reactive flame retardant strategy and synthesizes six novel liquid phosphorus-containing reactive compounds as flame retardants. A comparative study is conducted on the effects of the structure of compounds (valence and group of phosphorus and number of reaction groups) on the properties of materials. The results demonstrate significantly improved flame retardancy and toughness, as well as unaffected viscosity and strength of the resin. When the phosphorus content does not exceed 3 wt%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the resin can reach over 30% and UL-94 passes the V-0 rating. The structure of compounds significantly affects their flame retardancy mechanism. Especially, compounds rich in P-O-C structure have more outstanding condensed phase flame retardancy (promoting charring) and are more favorable for improving the LOI; Compounds rich in P-Ph and P-C structures have higher thermal stability and mainly exert gas phase flame retardancy, which is more beneficial for improving the self-extinguishing properties of materials. Furthermore, a synergistic flame retardant effect is observed between carbon fiber and compounds rich in P-Ph.

中文翻译：

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含磷活性化合物制备复合材料用阻燃乙烯基树脂：阻燃结构对性能和机制的影响


碳纤维增强乙烯基酯树脂复合材料传统的阻燃方法是添加大量固体阻燃剂，这不仅导致材料力学性能恶化，而且会增加树脂粘度，影响成型工艺。复合材料。为了解决这个问题，本工作采用液体反应性阻燃剂策略，合成了六种新型液体含磷反应性化合物作为阻燃剂。比较研究化合物结构（磷的化合价、基团和反应基团数）对材料性能的影响。结果表明，树脂的阻燃性和韧性显着提高，且粘度和强度不受影响。当磷含量不超过3wt%时，树脂的极限氧指数（LOI）可达到30%以上，UL-94通过V-0等级。化合物的结构显着影响其阻燃机制。尤其是富含POC结构的化合物，具有更突出的凝聚相阻燃性（促进炭化），更有利于提高LOI；富含P-Ph和PC结构的化合物具有较高的热稳定性，主要发挥气相阻燃性，更有利于提高材料的自熄性能。此外，在碳纤维和富含 P-Ph 的化合物之间观察到协同阻燃效应。