Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: Resolving isomers with ion mobility – mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity,Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Formation of halogenated forms of bisphenol A (BPA) in water: Resolving isomers with ion mobility – mass spectrometry and the role of halogenation position in cellular toxicity
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133229
Mauricius Marques Dos Santos ₁ , Caixia Li ₁ , Shenglan Jia ₁ , Mikael Thomas ₂ , Hervé Gallard ₂ , Jean-Philippe Croué ₂ , Pascal Carato ₃ , Shane Allen Snyder ₁

Affiliation

Halogenated BPA (XBPA) forms resulting from water chlorination can lead to increased toxicity and different biological effects. While previous studies have reported the occurrence of different XBPAs, analytical limitation have hindered the analysis and differentiation of the many potential isomeric forms. Using online solid-phase extraction - liquid chromatography - ion-mobility - high-resolution mass spectrometry (OSPE-LC-IM-HRMS), we demonstrated a rapid analysis method for the analysis of XBPA forms after water chlorination, with a total analysis time of less than 10 min including extraction and concentration and low detection limits (∼5–80 ng/L range). A multi in-vitro bioassay testing approach for the identified products revealed that cytotoxicity and bioenergetics impacts were largely associated with the presence of halogen atoms at positions 2 or 2’ and the overall number of halogens incorporated into the BPA molecule. Different XBPA also showed distinct impacts on oxidative stress, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma - PPARγ, and inflammatory response. While increased DNA damage was observed for chlorinated water samples (4.14 ± 1.21-fold change), the additive effect of the selected 20 XBPA studied could not explain the increased DNA damage observed, indicating that additional species or synergistic effects might be at play.

中文翻译：

水中双酚 A (BPA) 卤化形式的形成：通过离子淌度解析异构体 – 质谱分析以及卤化位置在细胞毒性中的作用

水氯化产生的卤化 BPA (XBPA) 形式会导致毒性增加和不同的生物效应。虽然之前的研究报告了不同 XBPA 的出现，但分析限制阻碍了许多潜在异构体形式的分析和区分。采用在线固相萃取-液相色谱-离子淌度-高分辨质谱（OSPE-LC-IM-HRMS），我们展示了一种快速分析水氯化后XBPA形态的分析方法，总分析时间不到 10 分钟，包括提取和浓缩，检测限低（∼5–80 ng/L 范围）。对已鉴定产品进行的多重体外生物测定测试方法表明，细胞毒性和生物能学影响很大程度上与 2 或 2' 位卤素原子的存在以及 BPA 分子中卤素的总数有关。不同的XBPA对氧化应激、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ-PPARγ和炎症反应也表现出不同的影响。虽然在氯化水样中观察到 DNA 损伤增加（变化为 4.14 ± 1.21 倍），但所研究的所选 20 XBPA 的累加效应无法解释观察到的 DNA 损伤增加，表明可能存在其他物种或协同效应。

更新日期：2023-12-13

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