Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents is a neurobehavioral condition that can lead to functional impairment in multiple domains and decreased quality of life. We review the clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, and common comorbidities of pediatric OCD. An overview of the biological and psychological models of OCD is provided along with a discussion of developmental considerations in youth. We also describe evidence-based treatments for OCD in childhood and adolescence, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) and pharmacotherapy. Finally, research evaluating the delivery of CBT in different formats and modalities is discussed, and we conclude with suggestions for future research directions.

中文翻译：

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儿童和青少年的强迫症


儿童和青少年的强迫症 （OCD） 是一种神经行为疾病，可导致多个领域的功能障碍和生活质量下降。我们回顾了儿科 OCD 的临床表现、诊断注意事项和常见合并症。概述了强迫症的生物学和心理学模型，并讨论了青少年的发展考虑。我们还描述了儿童和青少年 OCD 的循证治疗，包括认知行为疗法 （CBT） 和暴露和反应预防 （ERP） 和药物治疗。最后，讨论了评估不同形式和方式的 CBT 交付的研究，并对未来的研究方向提出了建议。