Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb2O5) has been regarded as a potential anode candidate for high-power-density lithium ion batteries (LIBs)/lithium ion capacitors (LICs). Unfortunately, the practical application of T-Nb2O5 anode is plagued by its poor intrinsic electronic conductivity and particle pulverization during the repeated lithiation/delithiation processes. Herein, VNbO4 @Nb2O5 heterostructure with complementary components was reported for the first time, in which the rutile VNbO4 with high electronic conductivity can accelerate electron transfer and stabilize the loose “room-pillar” structure of T-Nb2O5, while the T-Nb2O5 can contribute to optimize Li+ diffusion in VNbO4 and facilitate Li+ diffusion along the favorable path with low steric hindrance. Besides, the unique heterostructure can optimize the energy band structure and induce internal electric fields, thus further improving the ionic/electronic conductivity of VNbO4 @Nb2O5. As a result, VNbO4 @Nb2O5 demonstrates an exceptional rate capacity of 108.1 mAh g−1 even at 100 C and long cycle stability when evaluated as an anode for LIB. Moreover, the assembled quasi-solid state lithium ion capacitor constructed by VNbO4 @Nb2O5 anode and activated carbon (AC) cathode possesses a high energy density of 103.9 Wh kg−1 even at high power density of 12 kW kg−1

中文翻译：

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用于超快、持久锂存储的互补铌基异质结构


正交五氧化二铌（T-Nb2O5）被认为是高功率密度锂离子电池（LIB）/锂离子电容器（LIC）的潜在阳极候选者。不幸的是，T-Nb2O5负极的实际应用受到其较差的固有电子电导率和重复锂化/脱锂过程中颗粒粉化的困扰。本文首次报道了成分互补的VNbO4@Nb2O5异质结构，其中具有高电子电导率的金红石VNbO4可以加速电子转移并稳定T-Nb2O5松散的“房柱”结构，而T-Nb2O5可以有助于优化 Li+ 在 VNbO4 中的扩散，并促进 Li+ 沿着低位阻的有利路径扩散。此外，独特的异质结构可以优化能带结构并诱导内部电场，从而进一步提高VNbO4@Nb2O5的离子/电子电导率。因此，VNbO4 @Nb2O5 即使在 100 C 下也表现出 108.1 mAh g−1 的优异倍率容量，并且在作为 LIB 负极进行评估时具有长循环稳定性。此外，由VNbO4 @Nb2O5阳极和活性炭（AC）阴极构成的组装准固态锂离子电容器即使在12 kW kg−1的高功率密度下也具有103.9 Wh kg−1的高能量密度