The combination of genome editing and primordial germ cell (PGC) transplantation has enormous significance in the study of developmental biology and genetic breeding, despite its low efficiency due to limited number of donor PGCs. Here, we employ a combination of germplasm factors to convert blastoderm cells into induced PGCs (iPGCs) in zebrafish and obtain functional gametes either through iPGC transplantation or via the single blastomere overexpression of germplasm factors. Zebrafish-derived germplasm factors convert blastula cells of Gobiocypris rarus into iPGCs, and Gobiocypris rarus spermatozoa can be produced by iPGC-transplanted zebrafish. Moreover, the combination of genome knock-in and iPGC transplantation perfectly resolves the contradiction between high knock-in efficiency and early lethality during embryonic stages and greatly improves the efficiency of genome knock-in. Together, we present an efficient method for generating PGCs in a teleost, a technique that will have a strong impact in basic research and aquaculture.

基因组编辑和原始生殖细胞（PGC）移植的结合在发育生物学和遗传育种研究中具有巨大意义，尽管由于供体PGC数量有限而效率较低。在这里，我们采用种质因子的组合将斑马鱼的胚盘细胞转化为诱导性PGC（iPGC），并通过iPGC移植或通过种质因子的单个卵裂球过度表达获得功能性配子。斑马鱼来源的种质因子将稀有鮈鲫的囊胚细胞转化为iPGC，并且iPGC移植的斑马鱼可以产生稀有鮈鲫精子。而且，基因组敲入与iPGC移植相结合，完美解决了胚胎期高敲入效率与早期致死率之间的矛盾，大大提高了基因组敲入效率。我们共同提出了一种在硬骨鱼中生成 PGC 的有效方法，该技术将对基础研究和水产养殖产生重大影响。