The high mass transfer resistance of the sediment limits the migration of copper (Cu) ions generated from the operation of a sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC), causing difficulty in obtaining high removal efficiencies of Cu ions through the SMFC. Therefore, approaches are required to reduce the internal resistance of the system and to increase the power generation of the SMFC. In this study, the anode zone of SMFCs was planted with water spinach, which produces root exudates to activate the microorganisms. A permeable oxygen release rod (POR) was installed in the cathode zone of the SMFC to slowly release a small amount of oxygen to enhance power generation, prompting copper ions to migrate to the cathode for a reduction reaction to remove copper. Under the condition of growing water spinach and setting POR simultaneously, the power density (94.9 mW/m³) of SMFC was increased by 14.1 times, significantly increasing the removal efficiency of Cu ions (from 20.9 % to 84.9 %). The abundance of electro-producing bacteria (e.g., Clostridium, Bacillus, and Thiobacillus) was increased when the anode zone of the SMFC was planted with water spinach. This suggests that the root exudates of water spinach and trace oxygen from POR promoted the electricity production of SMFC and accelerated the migration of Cu ions.

沉积物的高传质阻力限制了沉积物微生物燃料电池（SMFC）运行时产生的铜（Cu）离子的迁移，导致难以通过SMFC获得高的Cu离子去除效率。因此，需要采取措施降低系统内阻并提高SMFC的发电量。在这项研究中，SMFC的阳极区种植了空心菜，空心菜产生根部分泌物来激活微生物。SMFC的阴极区安装了可渗透的氧气释放棒（POR），缓慢释放少量氧气以增强发电，促使铜离子迁移到阴极进行还原反应以去除铜。在同时种植空心菜和设置POR的条件下，SMFC的功率密度（94.9 mW/m ³）提高了14.1倍，显着提高了Cu离子的去除效率（从20.9%提高到84.9%）。当SMFC的阳极区种植空心菜时，产电细菌（例如梭状芽胞杆菌、芽孢杆菌和硫杆菌）的丰度增加。这表明空心菜的根系分泌物和POR中的微量氧促进了SMFC的产电并加速了Cu离子的迁移。