Diverse applications of nanoparticles due to their unique properties has rapidly increased human exposure to numerous nanoparticles such as calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), calcium titanate (CaTiO₃), and yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles almost in all aspect of daily life. However, very limited data are available on the effect of these nanoparticles on genomic DNA integrity and inflammation induction in the gastric tissues. Hence, this study estimated the effect of Ca(OH)₂, CaTiO_3, or/and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles multiple oral administration on the genomic DNA damage and inflammation induction in the mice gastric tissues. A suspension containing 50 mg/kg b.w of Ca(OH)₂, CaTiO_3, or Y₂O₃ nanoparticles were given orally to male mice separately or together simultaneously three times a week for two consecutive weeks. Multiple oral administration of Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles led to significant elevations in DNA damage induction and ROS generation, in contrast to the non-significant changes observed in the level of induced DNA damage and generated ROS after administration of CaTiO₃ or Y₂O₃ nanoparticles separately or in combination with Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles. Oral administration of Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles alone also highly upregulated INOS and COX-2 genes expression and extremely decreased eNOS gene expression. However, high elevations in eNOS gene expression were detected after multiple administration of CaTiO₃ and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles separately or together simultaneously with Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles. Meanwhile, non-remarkable changes were noticed in the expression level of INOS and COX-2 genes after administration of CaTiO₃ and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles separately or simultaneously together with Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles. In conclusion: genomic DNA damage and inflammation induced by administration of Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles alone at a dose of 50 mg/kg were mitigated by about 100% when CaTiO₃ and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles were coadministered with Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles until they reached the negative control level through altering the expression level of eNOS, INOS and COX-2 genes and scavenging gastric ROS. Therefore, further studies are recommended to investigate the toxicological properties of Ca(OH)₂, CaTiO₃ and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles and possibility of using CaTiO₃ and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles to mitigate genotoxicity and inflammation induction by Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles.

纳米颗粒由于其独特的性质而得到广泛应用，迅速增加了人类几乎在各个方面接触大量纳米颗粒的机会，例如氢氧化钙（Ca(OH) ₂ ）、钛酸钙（CaTiO ₃ ）和氧化钇（Y ₂ O ₃ ）纳米颗粒的日常生活。然而，关于这些纳米粒子对基因组 DNA 完整性和胃组织炎症诱导的影响的数据非常有限。因此，本研究评估了多次口服Ca(OH) ₂ 、CaTiO ₃或/和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒对小鼠胃组织基因组DNA损伤和炎症诱导的影响。将含有50mg/kg体重的Ca(OH) ₂ 、CaTiO ₃或Y ₂ O ₃纳米粒子的悬浮液分别或一起同时口服给雄性小鼠，每周3次，连续两周。多次口服Ca(OH) ₂纳米粒子导致DNA损伤诱导和ROS生成显着升高，相比之下，施用CaTiO ₃或Y ₂ O后诱导的DNA损伤和生成的ROS水平没有显着变化。 ₃纳米颗粒单独或与Ca(OH) ₂纳米颗粒组合。单独口服Ca(OH) ₂纳米颗粒也可以高度上调INOS和COX-2基因的表达，并极大地降低eNOS基因的表达。 然而，在单独或同时与Ca(OH) ₂纳米颗粒一起多次施用CaTiO ₃和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒后，检测到eNOS基因表达的高升高。同时，单独施用CaTiO ₃和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒或与Ca(OH) ₂纳米颗粒同时施用后，INOS和COX-2基因的表达水平没有显着变化。结论：当CaTiO ₃和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒与Ca(OH) ₂共同施用时，以50 mg/kg的剂量单独施用Ca(OH) ₂纳米颗粒引起的基因组DNA损伤和炎症减轻约100%通过改变eNOS、INOS和COX-2基因的表达水平并清除胃ROS，纳米颗粒直到达到阴性对照水平。因此，建议进一步研究Ca(OH) ₂ 、CaTiO ₃和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒的毒理学性质，以及使用CaTiO ₃和Y ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒减轻Ca(OH) ₂的遗传毒性和炎症诱导的可能性。纳米颗粒。