In recent years, there have been significant advancements in the understanding, risk-stratification, and treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS). Despite improved pharmacologic and device-based therapies for CS, short-term mortality remains as high as 50%. Most recent efforts in research have focused on CS related to acute myocardial infarction, even though heart failure related CS (HF-CS) accounts for >50% of CS cases. There is a paucity of high-quality evidence to support standardized clinical practices in approach to HF-CS. In addition, there is an unmet need to identify disease-specific diagnostic and risk-stratification strategies upon admission, which might ultimately guide the choice of therapies, and thereby improve outcomes and optimize resource allocation. The heterogeneity in defining CS, patient phenotypes, treatment goals and therapies has resulted in difficulty comparing published reports and standardized treatment algorithms. An International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) consensus conference was organized to better define, diagnose, and manage HF-CS. There were 54 participants (advanced heart failure and interventional cardiologists, cardiothoracic surgeons, critical care cardiologists, intensivists, pharmacists, and allied health professionals), with vast clinical and published experience in CS, representing 42 centers worldwide. State-of-the-art HF-CS presentations occurred with subsequent breakout sessions planned in an attempt to reach consensus on various issues, including but not limited to models of CS care delivery, patient presentations in HF-CS, and strategies in HF-CS management. This consensus report summarizes the contemporary literature review on HF-CS presented in the first half of the conference (part 1), while the accompanying document (part 2) covers the breakout sessions where the previously agreed upon clinical issues were discussed with an aim to get to a consensus.

近年来，人们对心源性休克（CS）的认识、风险分层和治疗取得了重大进展。尽管针对 CS 的药物和基于设备的疗法有所改进，但短期死亡率仍然高达 50%。最近的研究主要集中在与急性心肌梗塞相关的 CS，尽管心力衰竭相关 CS (HF-CS) 占 CS 病例的 50% 以上。缺乏高质量的证据来支持 HF-CS 方法的标准化临床实践。此外，入院时确定疾病特异性诊断和风险分层策略的需求尚未得到满足，这可能最终指导治疗的选择，从而改善结果并优化资源分配。定义 CS、患者表型、治疗目标和疗法的异质性导致难以比较已发表的报告和标准化治疗算法。组织了国际心肺移植协会 (ISHLT) 共识会议，以更好地定义、诊断和管理 HF-CS。共有 54 名参与者（高级心力衰竭和介入心脏病专家、心胸外科医生、重症监护心脏病专家、重症监护医师、药剂师和专职医疗专业人员），代表全球 42 个中心，在 CS 领域拥有丰富的临床和发表经验。最先进的 HF-CS 演示和随后计划的分组会议一起进行，试图就各种问题达成共识，包括但不限于 CS 护理提供模式、HF-CS 中的患者演示以及 HF-CS 策略CS管理。本共识报告总结了会议上半场（第 1 部分）提出的 HF-CS 当代文献综述，而随附文件（第 2 部分）涵盖了分组会议，其中讨论了先前商定的临床问题，旨在达成共识。