The utilization of hybrid electric propulsion concept in aviation offers a viable solution to address the limitations posed by the relatively low energy density of batteries in fully electric aviation. These hybrid systems enable the aircraft to achieve a significant range while simultaneously minimizing carbon emissions. While the individual components of a Hybrid Electric Propulsion (HEP) system, such as electric motors and batteries, are designed with high efficiency, their integration presents a significant challenge in the realm of thermal management. Designing an efficient system for managing the substantial waste heat generated by heat sources and effectively transferring it to heat sinks during various flight phases is a complex task. This challenge becomes even more critical as the design must adhere to system weight limits and prioritize aviation safety considerations. In this review article, we performed a systematic review of the challenges related to the key elements in a thermal management system. These elements encompass every component or subsystem that contributes to the thermal management of a generic hybrid-electric propulsion system. This includes electric motors and generators, batteries, heat exchangers, power transmission systems, power distribution systems, storages, fuel cells, cooling fluids and pipes, control system, pumps and fans. Following the identification of the challenges, the paper provides a comprehensive summary of the existing solutions that have been offered and pursued by the community to address the challenges. Furthermore, the paper also discusses emerging technologies related to each element, highlighting their potential in overcoming these challenges.

混合动力电力推进概念在航空领域的应用为解决全电动航空中电池能量密度相对较低所带来的限制提供了可行的解决方案。这些混合系统使飞机能够实现显着的航程，同时最大限度地减少碳排放。虽然混合电力推进 (HEP) 系统的各个组件（例如电动机和电池）的设计效率很高，但它们的集成在热管理领域提出了重大挑战。设计一个有效的系统来管理热源产生的大量废热，并在各个飞行阶段将其有效地转移到散热器是一项复杂的任务。这一挑战变得更加严峻，因为设计必须遵守系统重量限制并优先考虑航空安全。在这篇综述文章中，我们对与热管理系统关键要素相关的挑战进行了系统回顾。这些元件涵盖了有助于通用混合动力电动推进系统热管理的每个组件或子系统。这包括电动机和发电机、电池、热交换器、电力传输系统、配电系统、存储器、燃料电池、冷却液和管道、控制系统、泵和风扇。在确定挑战之后，本文全面总结了社区为应对挑战而提供和追求的现有解决方案。此外，本文还讨论了与每个要素相关的新兴技术，强调了它们克服这些挑战的潜力。