A novel strategy for preparing 1,13-tridecanediol by valorization of furfural was proposed, involving aldol condensation to build C₁₃ intermediates and further hydrodeoxygenation. During this process, Raney Ni exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the initial hydrogenation (C═C and C═O) with a yield of 98.30%, while Pd/TiO₂–ZrO₂ showed promising de–OH and ring opening performance. Results showed that ZrO₂ was necessary for de–OH and ring opening, and the catalytic performance could be improved by incorporating with TiO₂ to form TiO₂–ZrO₂ due to the increase in weak acid sites. Also, the introduction of Pd could further promote the reaction oriented toward obtaining 1,13-tridecanediol. After optimization, 1,13-tridecanediol yield could be straightforwardly up to 57.93% in water, and it would improve to 76.51% (69.64% based on furfural) by introducing trace amounts of methanol, and even the reaction parameters (time, pressure, temperature, etc.) contributed to the distribution of products. Additionally, mechanistic investigation revealed that there were multiple simultaneous or sequential reaction steps in the hydrodeoxygenation reaction, and the superior catalytic performance of Pd/TiO₂–ZrO₂ for oriented upgrading of furfural into 1,13-tridecanediol could be attributed to the synergistic effect of TiO₂–ZrO₂ and Pd. Overall, this work may provide some insights for the utilization of biomass resources in the future.

中文翻译：

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糠醛选择性合成生物质基1,13-十三烷二醇的策略

提出了一种通过糠醛增值制备 1,13-十三烷二醇的新策略，包括羟醛缩合生成 C₁₃ 中间体和进一步加氢脱氧。在此过程中，Raney Ni表现出优异的初始加氢催化性能（C=C和C=O），收率高达98.30%，而Pd/TiO₂–ZrO₂ 显示出良好的脱-OH 和开环性能。结果表明，ZrO₂是脱OH和开环所必需的，与TiO形成TiO₂–ZrO₂–ZrO< /span>₂ 和 Pd。总体而言，本研究可为未来生物质资源的利用提供一些启示。₂–ZrO糠醛定向升级为1,13-十三烷二醇可能归因于TiO的协同效应₂₂由于弱酸位点的增加。此外，Pd的引入可以进一步促进获得1,13-十三烷二醇的反应。经过优化，在水中1,13-十三烷二醇收率可直接达到57.93%，通过引入微量甲醇，甚至反应参数（时间、压力、温度等）有助于产品的分布。此外，机理研究表明加氢脱氧反应存在多个同时或顺序反应步骤，Pd/TiO