Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12154-0 Alessandra Briganti 1 , Mario Voltaggio 1 , Elisa Rainaldi 2 , Claudio Carusi 2
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In the frame of a collaboration between the Italian National Research Council (CNR) and Mares s.r.l., a study, about the possibility of determining radon vertical distribution at different soil depths in order to trace light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) contaminations, was developed. The radon deficit technique, based on the preferential solubility of soil gas radon into non-polar fluids, such as refined hydrocarbons, has been investigated by various theoretical and applied research so far. According to international scientific literature, radon deficit can be used both for geochemical prospection of the spatial irregular NAPL dispersion and for monitoring of remediation activities. Even though it is well known that this type of pollutants can be distributed along the vertical soil profile—firstly due to their density in comparison to water density, and secondly due to fluctuations of shallow aquifers, soil pore size, aging of contamination, and so on—the vertical localization of the plume still represents a scientific challenge. In this article, a method to determine the radon vertical profile is tested and applied to assess the potential use of the radon deficit technique in the vertical detection of pollutant presence for the first time in a fuelling station. Two LNAPL-contaminated sites were selected for a pilot test. Experimental findings seem to support the use of vertical radon geochemical prospection to delimit the depth range of a LNAPL pollution directly. Systematic data collection and modeling may lead to a 3D reconstruction of the dispersion of contaminant in different soil levels.
Graphical Abstract
中文翻译：
监测井中 Rn 勘探的垂直轻非水相液体 (LNAPL) 分布
在意大利国家研究委员会 (CNR) 和 Mares srl 合作的框架内，开展了一项关于确定不同土壤深度的氡气垂直分布以追踪轻非水相液体 (LNAPL) 污染的可能性的研究。发达。氡赤字技术基于土壤气体氡优先溶解于非极性流体（例如精炼碳氢化合物）中，迄今为止已通过各种理论和应用研究进行了研究。根据国际科学文献，氡气赤字既可用于空间不规则NAPL扩散的地球化学勘探，也可用于监测修复活动。尽管众所周知，这类污染物可以沿垂直土壤剖面分布——首先是由于它们的密度与水密度相比，其次是由于浅层含水层的波动、土壤孔径、污染物的老化等上——羽流的垂直定位仍然是一个科学挑战。在本文中，测试并应用了一种确定氡气垂直剖面的方法，以评估氡气亏空技术首次在加油站垂直检测污染物存在的潜在用途。选择了两个 LNAPL 污染场地进行试点测试。实验结果似乎支持使用垂直氡地球化学勘探来直接界定LNAPL污染的深度范围。系统的数据收集和建模可能会导致不同土壤水平中污染物扩散的 3D 重建。
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