After more than three decades of negotiations, the international response to climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) appears to have come full circle. At COP27, parties to the UNFCCC agreed to establish a multilateral fund to address loss and damage from global temperature rise, an idea that was initially put forward by the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) in the early 1990s. Employing a historical critique, which draws upon archival and doctrinal research and interviews with key informants who participated in the early days of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change, this article examines the AOSIS proposal in its wider historical context, and provides reflections for the renewed endeavour to negotiate a multilateral fund on loss and damage, in particular with a view to achieving justice for climate victims.

经过三十多年的谈判，《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）下的国际应对气候变化似乎已经圆满结束。在COP27上，《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方同意建立一个多边基金，以应对全球气温上升造成的损失和损害，这一想法最初由小岛屿国家联盟（AOSIS）于20世纪90年代初提出。本文采用历史批判的方式，利用档案和理论研究以及对参与气候变化框架公约政府间谈判委员会早期的主要知情人的采访，在更广泛的历史背景下审视小岛屿国家联盟的提案，并提供对重新努力就损失和损害问题进行多边基金谈判的思考，特别是为了为气候受害者伸张正义。