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Protective effect of chicory and/or artichoke leaves extracts on carbon tetrachloride and gamma-irradiation-induced chronic nephrotoxicity in rats
Environmental Toxicology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 , DOI: 10.1002/tox.24060 Mamdouh M T Eassawy 1 , Amel F M Ismail 2
Environmental Toxicology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 , DOI: 10.1002/tox.24060 Mamdouh M T Eassawy 1 , Amel F M Ismail 2
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The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is in progress that causes kidney failure, leading to global problems. This manuscript investigated the nephroprotective effects of chicory (CLE) and/or artichoke (ALE) leaves extracts on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and gamma-irradiation (Rad)-induced chronic nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into 10 groups (10 animals/group): group 1: control, groups 2–7 rats were treated with CLE, ALE, CLE/ALE, CCl4, Rad, and CCl4/Rad, respectively. Groups 8 to 10, rats were intoxicated with CCl4/Rad, and treated with CLE, ALE, and CLE/ALE extracts, respectively, for 4 weeks. The data demonstrated that CCl4 administration or Rad exposure induced high levels of urea and creatinine, with low levels of total protein and albumin in the serum. However, high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), some pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6), TNF-α, NF-κB, the fibrotic marker; TGF-β1, calcium, and copper, low contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), iron, and zinc, and suppression of the antioxidant enzymes' activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were observed. In addition, the Wnt and β-catenin protein expression ratios were up-regulated in the kidney tissues of the CCl4, and Rad intoxicated animals. However, the combined treatment CCl4/Rad augmented these measurements. On the other hand, CLE, ALE, and CLE/ALE treatments demonstrated nephroprotection in the kidney tissues of CCl4/Rad intoxicated animals, in the order of CLE/ALE>ALE>CLE by ameliorating the investigated parameters. Kidney tissues' histopathological examinations confirmed these results. In conclusion, CLE and/or ALE demonstrated nephroprotection against CCl4/Rad co-toxicity mediated by down-regulation of renal Wnt/β-catenin protein expressions.
中文翻译：
菊苣和/或朝鲜蓟叶提取物对四氯化碳和伽马射线照射引起的大鼠慢性肾毒性的保护作用
慢性肾脏病（CKD）的流行正在加剧，导致肾衰竭，从而导致全球性问题。本手稿研究了菊苣 (CLE) 和/或朝鲜蓟 (ALE) 叶提取物对四氯化碳 (CCl 4 ) 和伽马射线照射 (Rad) 诱导的大鼠慢性肾毒性的肾保护作用。将大鼠分为10组（10只动物/组）：第1组：对照组，第2-7组大鼠分别用CLE、ALE、CLE/ALE、CCl 4 、Rad和CCl 4 /Rad治疗。第8至10组，大鼠用CCl 4 /Rad中毒，并分别用CLE、ALE和CLE/ALE提取物治疗4周。数据表明，CCl 4施用或Rad暴露会导致血清中尿素和肌酐水平升高，而总蛋白和白蛋白水平降低。然而，丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）、过氧化氢（H 2 O 2 ）、一些促炎标记物如白细胞介素（IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6）、TNF-α的水平较高, NF-κB，纤维化标志物；观察到 TGF-β1、钙和铜、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、铁和锌含量低，以及抗氧化酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 的抑制。此外，CCl 4和Rad中毒动物的肾组织中Wnt和β-catenin蛋白表达比率上调。然而，联合处理 CCl 4 /Rad 增强了这些测量结果。另一方面，CLE、ALE 和 CLE/ALE 治疗通过改善研究的参数，证明了对 CCl 4 /Rad 中毒动物肾组织的肾保护作用，顺序为 CLE/ALE > ALE > CLE。 肾脏组织的组织病理学检查证实了这些结果。总之，CLE 和/或 ALE 证明了通过下调肾脏 Wnt/β-catenin 蛋白表达介导的针对 CCl 4 /Rad 共毒性的肾保护作用。
更新日期：2023-11-30
中文翻译：
菊苣和/或朝鲜蓟叶提取物对四氯化碳和伽马射线照射引起的大鼠慢性肾毒性的保护作用
慢性肾脏病（CKD）的流行正在加剧，导致肾衰竭，从而导致全球性问题。本手稿研究了菊苣 (CLE) 和/或朝鲜蓟 (ALE) 叶提取物对四氯化碳 (CCl 4 ) 和伽马射线照射 (Rad) 诱导的大鼠慢性肾毒性的肾保护作用。将大鼠分为10组（10只动物/组）：第1组：对照组，第2-7组大鼠分别用CLE、ALE、CLE/ALE、CCl 4 、Rad和CCl 4 /Rad治疗。第8至10组，大鼠用CCl 4 /Rad中毒，并分别用CLE、ALE和CLE/ALE提取物治疗4周。数据表明，CCl 4施用或Rad暴露会导致血清中尿素和肌酐水平升高，而总蛋白和白蛋白水平降低。然而，丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）、过氧化氢（H 2 O 2 ）、一些促炎标记物如白细胞介素（IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6）、TNF-α的水平较高, NF-κB，纤维化标志物；观察到 TGF-β1、钙和铜、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、铁和锌含量低，以及抗氧化酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 的抑制。此外，CCl 4和Rad中毒动物的肾组织中Wnt和β-catenin蛋白表达比率上调。然而，联合处理 CCl 4 /Rad 增强了这些测量结果。另一方面，CLE、ALE 和 CLE/ALE 治疗通过改善研究的参数，证明了对 CCl 4 /Rad 中毒动物肾组织的肾保护作用，顺序为 CLE/ALE > ALE > CLE。 肾脏组织的组织病理学检查证实了这些结果。总之，CLE 和/或 ALE 证明了通过下调肾脏 Wnt/β-catenin 蛋白表达介导的针对 CCl 4 /Rad 共毒性的肾保护作用。
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