Aluminum is the main impurity of the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore (WCED-REO). Efficient leaching of rare earths and low leaching of aluminum are of great importance for the leaching of the WCED-REO. The effects of pH, MgSO₄ concentration and Al³⁺ concentration of the leaching agent solution on the column leaching behaviors of WCED-REO using magnesium sulfate were investigated. Experimental data show that controlling the MgSO₄ concentration to 0.15 mol/L, pH of the leaching agent solution to 2, the leaching amount of aluminum from the rare earth ore gradually decreases with the increase of Al³⁺ concentration in the leaching agent solution, indicating that Al³⁺ in the leaching agent solution may act as leaching agent to participate in the ion exchange of RE³⁺, but the leaching amounts of rare earths change insignificantly as the Al³⁺ concentration is increased. Increasing the MgSO₄ concentration is beneficial to the leaching of aluminum, and when the Al³⁺ concentration is 0.04 mol/L (Al accumulation), the amount of Al³⁺ leached from the rare earth ore increased gradually with increasing the MgSO₄ concentration. The pH of the leaching agent solution has a significant influence on the leaching of aluminum in the rare earth ore, and the leaching amount of aluminum from the rare earth ore increases gradually with decreasing the pH. When the Al³⁺ concentration is 0.04 mol/L (Al accumulation) and the pH of the leaching agent solution is above 2.0, the aluminum in the leaching agent solution can be back-adsorbed onto the rare earth ore, and the amount of the back-adsorbed Al³⁺ increases with increasing the pH of the leaching agent solution. The injection rate of the leaching agent solution has slight effect on the leaching behavior of rare earths and aluminum. In summary, leaching of Al³⁺ and consumption of MgSO₄ can be reduced by regulating the accumulation of aluminum, MgSO₄ concentration and pH.

铝是风化壳淋积型稀土矿（WCED-REO）的主要杂质。稀土的高效浸出和铝的低浸出对于WCED-REO的浸出非常重要。研究了浸出剂溶液的pH、MgSO ₄浓度和Al ³⁺浓度对WCED-REO硫酸镁柱浸行为的影响。实验数据表明，控制MgSO ₄浓度为0.15 mol/L，浸出剂溶液pH为2，随着浸出剂溶液中Al ³⁺浓度的增加，稀土矿中铝的浸出量逐渐减少，表明浸出剂溶液中的Al ³⁺可能作为浸出剂参与RE ^{3+的离子交换，但随着Al 3+}浓度的增加，稀土浸出量变化不大。提高MgSO ₄浓度有利于铝的浸出，当Al ³⁺浓度为0.04 mol/L（铝积累）时，稀土矿中Al ³⁺的浸出量随着MgSO ₄浓度的增加逐渐增加。浸出剂溶液的pH值对稀土矿中铝的浸出有显着影响，随着pH值的降低，稀土矿中铝的浸出量逐渐增加。当Al ³⁺浓度为0.04mol/L（铝积累）且浸出剂溶液的pH值在2.0以上时，浸出剂溶液中的铝能够反吸附到稀土矿上，且浸出剂溶液中的铝的量减少。反吸附的Al ³⁺随着浸出剂溶液pH值的增加而增加。浸出剂溶液的注入量对稀土和铝的浸出行为影响较小。综上所述，通过调节铝的积累量、MgSO 4 浓度和pH值，可以减少Al 3+ 的_浸出和MgSO 4^的_消耗。