Pyrazole-substituted pyridines have emerged as versatile bidentate ligands in transition-metal catalysis, providing opportunities to fine-tune reactivity and selectivity beyond what conventional bipyridine ligands can achieve. This review focuses on two representative pyrazolopyridine ligands: 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine (1-PzPy) and 2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine (3-PzPy). The 1-PzPy series, characterized by a pyrazole ring serving as a weakly coordinating Lewis basic ligand, offer flexibility in ligand binding. Alternatively, the 3-PzPy series provide both L₂- and LX-type binding modes, functioning as hydrogen bond donors and σ-donors, respectively. The structural diversity of pyrazolopyridine ligands enables the development of various synthetic strategies, facilitating cross-coupling, cycloaddition, photocatalytic, and asymmetric reactions. This review highlights the roles of these ligands in advancing transition-metal-catalyzed C–C and C–heteroatom bond-forming reactions.

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis of Pyrazolopyridine Ligands

3 Applications of 1-PzPy Ligands

4 Applications of 3-PzPy Ligands

5 Conclusion

吡唑取代的吡啶已成为过渡金属催化中的多功能二齿配体，为微调反应性和选择性提供了超越传统联吡啶配体所能达到的机会。本综述重点关注两种代表性的吡唑并吡啶配体：2-(1 H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(1-PzPy)和2-(1 H-吡唑-3-基)吡啶(3-PzPy)。1-PzPy 系列的特点是吡唑环作为弱配位路易斯碱性配体，提供了配体结合的灵活性。另外，3-PzPy 系列提供 L ₂ - 和 LX 型结合模式，分别充当氢键供体和 σ 供体。吡唑并吡啶配体的结构多样性使得能够开发各种合成策略，促进交叉偶联、环加成、光催化和不对称反应。这篇综述强调了这些配体在推进过渡金属催化的 C-C 和 C-杂原子成键反应中的作用。

1 简介

2 吡唑并吡啶配体的合成

3 1-PzPy 配体的应用

4 3-PzPy 配体的应用

5 结论