INTRODUCTION Inflammatory pain is a significant global clinical challenge that involves both unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences. The treatment of pain is imminent, and we are committed to seeking new analgesics for pain relief. Transcrocetin meglumine salt (TCMS), a saffron metabolite derived from the crocin apocarotenoids, has exhibited the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert neuroprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether TCMS could ameliorate complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain in mice and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Here, we established an inflammatory pain model in mice by injecting CFA into the left hind paw. Three days later, we administered intraperitoneal injections of TCMS (10 mg/kg) or saline to the animals. We examined mechanical allodynia, thermal hypersensitivity, and anxiety behavior. Furthermore, the activation of glial cells and proinflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord were detected. RESULTS Our results showed that TCMS significantly reversed the mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity in the CFA-injected mice. Furthermore, TCMS administration effectively inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the spinal cord induced by CFA. Additionally, TCMS suppressed the production and release of spinal proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, in CFA-injected mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings demonstrate that TCMS holds promise as an innovative analgesic due to its ability to ameliorate inflammatory reactions.

中文翻译：

---

Transcrocetin Meglumine盐抑制脊髓胶质细胞介导的促炎细胞因子并减轻完全弗氏佐剂引起的炎症疼痛。


引言 炎性疼痛是一项重大的全球临床挑战，涉及不愉快的感觉和情绪体验。疼痛的治疗迫在眉睫，我们致力于寻找新的止痛药来缓解疼痛。跨藏红花酸葡胺盐 (TCMS) 是一种源自藏红花素类胡萝卜素的藏红花代谢物，具有穿过血脑屏障并发挥神经保护作用的能力。在本研究中，我们旨在探讨TCMS是否可以改善完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）诱导的小鼠炎症疼痛并阐明其潜在机制。方法在这里，我们通过向左后爪注射 CFA 建立了小鼠炎症疼痛模型。三天后，我们给动物腹腔注射中药（10 mg/kg）或生理盐水。我们检查了机械异常性疼痛、热过敏和焦虑行为。此外，还检测到脊髓中神经胶质细胞和促炎细胞因子的激活。结果我们的结果表明，TCMS 显着逆转了 CFA 注射小鼠的机械异常性疼痛和热过敏。此外，TCMS 给药有效抑制 CFA 诱导的脊髓小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的活化。此外，在注射 CFA 的小鼠中，TCMS 抑制了脊髓促炎细胞因子的产生和释放，包括 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6。结论 综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，TCMS 由于其改善炎症反应的能力而有望成为一种创新的镇痛药。