This article presents the first complete 19-century reconstruction of the Mexican wealth distribution, from independence to the Mexican Revolution. It uses an often underutilized source in Mexican historiography: will inventories/protocols. In addition, the present article estimates the levels and trends of historical wealth inequality using five different methods, among them the application of the properties of two theoretical parametric distributions to the measurement of historical inequality. The dynamics of wealth inequality in 19 century Mexico were dominated by the top 1% and the middle 40% of the wealth distribution; meanwhile, the top 10% and bottom 50% demonstrate remarkable stability. This article makes significant contributions through two primary avenues: firstly, the reconstruction of historical wealth inequality, and secondly, the analysis of historical developments in the context of their potential impact on the distribution of wealth within a dynamic political economy environment.

中文翻译：

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适度富裕：墨西哥独立第一个世纪财富不平等的演变

本文首次完整地重建了 19 世纪墨西哥财富分配（从独立到墨西哥革命）的情况。它使用了墨西哥史学中经常未被充分利用的资源：遗嘱清单/协议。此外，本文使用五种不同的方法估计了历史财富不平等的水平和趋势，其中应用两种理论参数分布的性质来衡量历史不平等。 19 世纪墨西哥财富不平等的动态主要由财富分配中最顶层 1% 和中间 40% 的人主导；同时，前10%和后50%表现出显着的稳定性。本文通过两个主要途径做出了重大贡献：首先，重建历史财富不平等，其次，在动态政治经济环境中分析历史发展对财富分配的潜在影响。