<br>蚊媒埃及伊蚊对温度的表型适应,Global Change Biology

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蚊媒埃及伊蚊对温度的表型适应
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17041
Nina L Dennington _{1,

2} , Marissa K Grossman ₁ , Fhallon Ware-Gilmore _{1,

2} , Janet L Teeple ₁ , Leah R Johnson ₃ , Marta S Shocket _{4,

5} , Elizabeth A McGraw _{2,

6} , Matthew B Thomas _{7,

8,

9}

Affiliation

大多数探索气候变化对蚊媒疾病影响的模型都忽略了热适应。然而，如果局部适应导致蚊子热反应的变化，“一刀切”模型可能无法捕捉种群之间当前的变化以及未来对温度变化的适应性反应。在这里，我们评估了埃及伊蚊（登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅病毒的主要载体）对温度的表型适应。首先，为了探讨不同种群之间蚊子现有的热反应是否存在差异，我们使用热击倒试验来检查五个伊蚊种群。从墨西哥不同气候地点收集的埃及伊蚊，以及长期存在的实验室菌株。我们发现种群之间耐热性存在显着的表型差异。接下来，为了探讨这种变异是否可以由温度差异产生，我们通过从单个田间衍生的伊蚊群体建立六个复制品系进行了实验传代研究。来自墨西哥的埃及伊蚊，一半保持在27°C，另一半保持在31°C。经过 10 代后，我们发现蚊子的性能存在显着差异，在高温下保持的品系表现出更强的耐热性。此外，这些耐热性的差异转化为多种生活史特征的热性能曲线的变化，导致整体适应性的差异。总之，这些新发现提供了令人信服的证据表明Ae。 埃及伊蚊种群的热反应可能而且确实有所不同，这表明简化的热性能模型可能不足以预测气候对媒介传播疾病传播的影响。

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Phenotypic adaptation to temperature in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Most models exploring the effects of climate change on mosquito-borne disease ignore thermal adaptation. However, if local adaptation leads to changes in mosquito thermal responses, “one size fits all” models could fail to capture current variation between populations and future adaptive responses to changes in temperature. Here, we assess phenotypic adaptation to temperature in Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. First, to explore whether there is any difference in existing thermal response of mosquitoes between populations, we used a thermal knockdown assay to examine five populations of Ae. aegypti collected from climatically diverse locations in Mexico, together with a long-standing laboratory strain. We identified significant phenotypic variation in thermal tolerance between populations. Next, to explore whether such variation can be generated by differences in temperature, we conducted an experimental passage study by establishing six replicate lines from a single field-derived population of Ae. aegypti from Mexico, maintaining half at 27°C and the other half at 31°C. After 10 generations, we found a significant difference in mosquito performance, with the lines maintained under elevated temperatures showing greater thermal tolerance. Moreover, these differences in thermal tolerance translated to shifts in the thermal performance curves for multiple life-history traits, leading to differences in overall fitness. Together, these novel findings provide compelling evidence that Ae. aegypti populations can and do differ in thermal response, suggesting that simplified thermal performance models might be insufficient for predicting the effects of climate on vector-borne disease transmission.

更新日期：2023-11-28

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