<br>天然（纤维状泻石晶体）和合成（泻盐）硫酸镁的体外细胞毒性作用,Microscopy Research and Technique

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天然（纤维状泻石晶体）和合成（泻盐）硫酸镁的体外细胞毒性作用
Microscopy Research and Technique ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-19 , DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24458
Sara Salucci ₁ , Matteo Giordani ₂ , Michele Betti ₃ , Laura Valentini ₃ , Pietro Gobbi ₃ , Michele Mattioli ₂

Affiliation

接触矿物纤维会造成职业和环境危害，因为吸入颗粒会导致多种健康疾病。然而，关于高溶解度纤维（如天然泻石）的影响的数据很少，天然泻石是一种具有可吸入尺寸的水溶性纤维，使其能够穿透呼吸道的生物系统。本研究评估了天然（纤维泻盐）和合成（泻盐）硫酸镁的致病性。通过形态功能和生化分析，在通常生长为单核细胞的体外细胞模型中进行了研究，但在适当的条件下分化为巨噬细胞。后者被称为肺泡巨噬细胞，如果指的是肺部，则代表着抵御有害吸入刺激的第一道防线。形态学观察表明，如果泻盐对细胞培养物产生渗透压，天然泻盐纤维会导致细胞改变，包括核膜增厚和线粒体退化。此外，细胞内化的不溶性部分（杂质）会诱导弥漫性损伤，其特征是在最高剂量和暴露时间下出现继发性坏死或坏死性细胞死亡特征。生化分析证实了这种矿物质行为涉及 MAPK 通路激活，从而导致从增殖控制到细胞死亡的许多不同的细胞反应。泻盐会导致 MAPK/ERK 激活，这是预测总生存期的标志物。与此不同的是，天然泻体诱导 MAPK/p38 蛋白上调，该蛋白参与驱动坏死细胞死亡的下游靶标的磷酸化。这些发现表明天然泻素对 U937 细胞培养物具有毒性，使得吸入这些纤维对人类健康具有潜在危害。

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The in vitro cytotoxic effects of natural (fibrous epsomite crystals) and synthetic (Epsom salt) magnesium sulfate

Exposure to mineral fibers represents an occupational and environmental hazard since particulate inhalation leads to several health disorders. However, few data are available on the effect of fibers with high solubility like natural epsomite, a water-soluble fiber with an inhalable size that allows it to penetrate biological systems, with regard to the respiratory tract. This study evaluated the natural (fibrous epsomite) and synthetic (Epsom salt) magnesium sulfate pathogenicity. Investigations have been performed through morpho-functional and biochemical analyses, in an in vitro cell model that usually grows as monocytes, but that under appropriate conditions differentiates into macrophages. These latter, known as alveolar macrophages, if referred to lungs, represent the first line of defense against harmful inhaled stimuli. Morphological observations reveal that, if Epsom salt induces osmotic stress on cell culture, natural epsomite fibers lead to cellular alterations including thickening of the nuclear envelope and degenerated mitochondria. Moreover, the insoluble fraction (impurities) internalized by cells induces diffuse damage characterized at the highest dosage and exposure time by secondary necrosis or necrotic cell death features. Biochemical analyses confirm this mineral behavior that involves MAPK pathway activation, resulting in many different cellular responses ranging from proliferation control to cell death. Epsom salt leads to MAPK/ERK activation, a marker predictive of overall survival. Unlike, natural epsomite induces upregulation of MAPK/p38 protein involved in the phosphorylation of downstream targets driving necrotic cell death. These findings demonstrate natural epsomite toxicity on U937 cell culture, making the inhalation of these fibers potentially hazardous for human health.

更新日期：2023-11-19

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