The emergence of artificial emotional intelligence technology is revolutionizing the fields of computers and robotics, allowing for a new level of communication and understanding of human behavior that was once thought impossible. While recent advancements in deep learning have transformed the field of computer vision, automated understanding of evoked or expressed emotions in visual media remains in its infancy. This foundering stems from the absence of a universally accepted definition of “emotion,” coupled with the inherently subjective nature of emotions and their intricate nuances. In this article, we provide a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of the field of emotion analysis in visual media, drawing on insights from psychology, engineering, and the arts. We begin by exploring the psychological foundations of emotion and the computational principles that underpin the understanding of emotions from images and videos. We then review the latest research and systems within the field, accentuating the most promising approaches. We also discuss the current technological challenges and limitations of emotion analysis, underscoring the necessity for continued investigation and innovation. We contend that this represents a “Holy Grail” research problem in computing and delineate pivotal directions for future inquiry. Finally, we examine the ethical ramifications of emotion-understanding technologies and contemplate their potential societal impacts. Overall, this article endeavors to equip readers with a deeper understanding of the domain of emotion analysis in visual media and to inspire further research and development in this captivating and rapidly evolving field.

中文翻译：

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解锁视觉媒体的情感世界：理解情感的科学、研究和影响概述


人工智能技术的出现正在彻底改变计算机和机器人领域，使人们对人类行为的沟通和理解达到了一个新的水平，这在以前被认为是不可能的。虽然深度学习的最新进展已经改变了计算机视觉领域，但对视觉媒体中诱发或表达的情感的自动理解仍处于起步阶段。这种失败源于缺乏普遍接受的“情感”定义，再加上情感固有的主观性质及其复杂的细微差别。在本文中，我们借鉴心理学、工程学和艺术的见解，对视觉媒体情感分析领域进行了全面、多学科的概述。我们首先探索情感的心理学基础以及支持从图像和视频中理解情感的计算原理。然后，我们回顾该领域的最新研究和系统，重点介绍最有前途的方法。我们还讨论了情感分析当前的技术挑战和局限性，强调了持续研究和创新的必要性。我们认为，这代表了计算领域的“圣杯”研究问题，并为未来的研究描绘了关键方向。最后，我们研究了情感理解技术的伦理后果，并思考了它们潜在的社会影响。总的来说，本文致力于让读者更深入地了解视觉媒体中的情感分析领域，并激发这个迷人且快速发展的领域的进一步研究和发展。