Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a strong transdiagnostic risk factor for future psychopathology. This risk is theorized to emerge partly because of glucocorticoid-mediated atrophy in the hippocampus, which leaves this area sensitive to further volume loss even through adulthood in the face of future stress and the emergence of psychopathology. This proof-of-principle study examines which specific dimensions of internalizing psychopathology in the context of a CM history are associated with decreases in hippocampal volume over a 6-month period. This study included 80 community-recruited adults (ages 18-66 years, 61.3% women) oversampled for a lifetime history of internalizing psychopathology. At baseline and a naturalistic 6-month follow-up, the symptom dimensions of the tripartite model (anxious arousal, anhedonic depression, and general distress) were assessed by self-report. Hippocampal volume was derived through T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scanning segmented via the volBrain HIPS pipeline. CM severity was determined via a semistructured, contextual interview with independent ratings. We found that higher levels of anxious arousal predicted decreases in hippocampal volume over time in those with greater severity of CM but were associated at a trend with increases in hippocampal volume over time in those with lower severity of maltreatment. Findings were specific to anxious arousal and the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. These novel results suggest that for individuals with a history of CM, transdiagnostic interventions that target and reduce psychological and physiological arousal may result in the preservation of hippocampal structure and, thus, improvements in cognitive and emotional regulation in the face of stress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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焦虑唤醒可预测有童年虐待史的成年人海马体积的内部变化：CAN-BIND4 报告。

童年虐待（CM）是未来精神病理学的一个强烈的跨诊断危险因素。理论上，出现这种风险的部分原因是糖皮质激素介导的海马体萎缩，这使得该区域对进一步的体积损失敏感，即使在成年后面对未来的压力和精神病理学的出现。这项原理验证研究探讨了 CM 病史背景下内化精神病理学的哪些具体维度与 6 个月内海马体积的减少相关。这项研究纳入了 80 名社区招募的成年人（年龄 18-66 岁，其中 61.3% 为女性），对他们一生的内化精神病理学史进行了过度抽样。在基线和 6 个月的自然随访中，通过自我报告评估三方模型的症状维度（焦虑觉醒、快感缺乏抑郁和一般痛苦）。海马体积是通过 volBrain HIPS 管道分段的 T1 加权磁共振成像扫描得出的。CM 严重程度是通过半结构化、情境访谈和独立评级来确定的。我们发现，对于 CM 严重程度较高的人来说，较高水平的焦虑唤醒预示着海马体积会随着时间的推移而减少，但对于虐待严重程度较低的人来说，其海马体积会随着时间的推移而增加。研究结果针对焦虑唤醒和海马 CA1 亚区。这些新颖的结果表明，对于有 CM 病史的个体，针对并减少心理和生理唤醒的跨诊断干预可能会保留海马结构，从而改善面对压力时的认知和情绪调节。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。