We examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes to daily activity limitations due to poor physical or mental health and whether those changes were different within and between gendered and racialized groups. We analyze 497,302 observations across the 2019 and 2020 waves of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Among White men and women, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with fewer days of health-related activity limitations and decreased frequent activity limitation (≥14 days in the past month) compared to the prepandemic period. By contrast, Latina and Black women experienced increased days of activity limitation and greater likelihood of frequent activity limitation, and these changes were significantly different than for White women. These findings are robust to the inclusion of structural inequality measures and demonstrate how systemic racism and sexism likely exacerbate a myriad of pandemic-related health problems.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 的不平等代价：性别和种族群体与健康相关的生活质量的差异。


我们研究了 COVID-19 大流行是否与由于身体或心理健康状况不佳而导致的日常活动限制的变化有关，以及这些变化在性别和种族群体内部和之间是否存在差异。我们分析了 2019 年和 2020 年疾病控制与预防中心行为风险因素监测系统调查的 497,302 次观察结果。在白人男性和女性中，与大流行前相比，COVID-19 大流行与健康相关活动限制天数减少以及频繁活动限制减少（过去一个月≥14 天）有关。相比之下，拉丁裔和黑人女性的活动限制天数增加，并且频繁活动限制的可能性更大，这些变化与白人女性显着不同。这些发现对于纳入结构性不平等措施是有力的，并表明系统性种族主义和性别歧视可能会加剧大量与大流行相关的健康问题。