<br>用于生物医学应用和生物分子空间定向的 DNA 四面体纳米结构,Bioactive Materials

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用于生物医学应用和生物分子空间定向的 DNA 四面体纳米结构
Bioactive Materials ( IF 18.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.025
Weijun Wang _{1,

2,

3} , Mengling Lin ₂ , Wenqing Wang ₂ , Zhifa Shen ₁ , Zai-Sheng Wu _{1,

2}

Affiliation

DNA 不仅作为储存遗传物质的基本遗传材料在自然界中发挥着至关重要的作用，而且还可以作为明确的功能材料，例如，通过 Watson-Crick 碱基配对相互作用组装纳米级生物结构的构建块。随着分子生物学、生物技术和纳米科学的发展，结构DNA纳米技术取得了巨大的进步，有助于构建从离散物体到一维（1D）、二维（2D）和三维（3D）的各种DNA纳米结构。架构。其中，DNA四面体纳米结构因其简单的3D结构、易于设计和独特的性能而受到广泛的研究，例如高刚性、良好的生物稳定性和无需辅助物质的高效细胞摄取。该综述总结了DNA四面体物体组装的研究进展，并概述了其在生物传感、药物输送和靶向治疗中的应用。此外，还讨论了生物分子的生物活性对DNA四面体介导的空间控制排列的依赖性和巨大的潜在应用。此外，还描述了基于DNA四面体的平台在设计和临床应用中面临的挑战，展望了生物医学应用的前景，并提供了我们对DNA四面体进一步研究的理解，旨在推动DNA纳米技术和跨学科的发展。研究。

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DNA tetrahedral nanostructures for the biomedical application and spatial orientation of biomolecules

DNA not only plays a vital role in nature as fundamental hereditary material for storing genetic material, but also serves as well-defined functional material, for example, building blocks for the assembly of nanoscale bio-architectures by Watson-Crick base-pairing interaction. With the development of molecular biology, biotechnology and nanoscience, structural DNA nanotechnology has achieved numerous advances, contributing to the construction of various DNA nanostructures ranging from discrete objects to one dimensional (1D), two dimensional (2D), and three dimensional (3D) architectures. Among them, DNA tetrahedral nanoarchitecture is intensively studied because of simple 3D structure, easy design and unique properties, such as high rigidity, desirable biostability and efficient cellular uptake without auxiliary species. This review summarizes the research progress in the assembly of DNA tetrahedral objects and outlines the applications in biosensing, drug delivery and targeted therapy. Moreover, the dependence of biological activity of biomolecules on DNA tetrahedron-mediated spatially-controlled arrangement and great potential applications are discussed. In addition, the challenges in the design and clinic applications of DNA tetrahedron-based platforms are described, the perspectives towards biomedical applications are foreseen, and our understandings on further studies of DNA tetrahedron are provided, aiming to motivate the development of DNA nanotechnology and interdisciplinary research.

更新日期：2023-11-24

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