The cardioprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against the poisoning generated by aluminum phosphide pesticide: Controlling oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage,Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

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The cardioprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against the poisoning generated by aluminum phosphide pesticide: Controlling oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105701
Yongzheng Yang ₁ , Ghadeer Sabah Bustani ₂ , Taif Alawsi ₃ , Farag M A Altalbawy ₄ , Ali Kamil Kareem ₅ , Jitendra Gupta ₆ , Ping Zhu ₇ , Ahmed Hjazi ₈ , Ahmed Hussien Alawadi ₉ , Yasser Fakri Mustafa ₁₀

Affiliation

The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Physiology College of Dentistry, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U. P., India.
The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
College of technical engineering, The islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq.

Background

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a well-known toxic compound used as an agricultural pesticide to prevent insect damage to stored crops. However, even if just a small amount was consumed, it caused lasting harm to the human body and, in acute concentrations, death. The current study employed cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) to reduce oxidative stress and various harmful outcomes of AlP poisoning.

Methods

Following finding effective concentrations of CeO₂ NPs via MTT assay, Human Cardiac Myocyte (HCM) cells were pre-treated with CeO₂ NPs for 24 h. After that, they were exposed to 2.36 μM AlP. The activity of oxidative stress and mitochondrial biomarkers, including mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c release, were evaluated in HCM cells. Finally, the population of apoptotic and necrotic cells was assessed via flow cytometry.

Results

After 24 h, data revealed that all tested concentrations of CeO₂ NPs were safe, and 25 and 50 μM of that were selected as effective concentrations. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) showed that CeO₂ NPs could successfully decrease AlP poisoning due to their antioxidant characteristics. Mitochondrial markers were also recovered by pre-treatment of HCM cells with CeO₂ NPs. Furthermore, pre-treating with CeO₂ NPs could compensate for the reduction of live cells with AlP and cause a diminishing in the population of early and late apoptotic cells.

Conclusion

As a result, it is evident that CeO₂ NPs, through the recovery of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages caused by AlP, reduce apoptosis and have therapeutic potentials on HCM cells.

中文翻译：

氧化铈纳米粒子对磷化铝农药中毒的心脏保护作用：控制氧化应激和线粒体损伤

背景

磷化铝(AlP) 是一种众所周知的有毒化合物，用作农业杀虫剂，可防止昆虫损害储存的农作物。然而，即使摄入少量，也会对人体造成持久伤害，严重浓度时甚至会导致死亡。目前的研究采用氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO ₂ NP）来减少氧化应激和 AlP 中毒的各种有害后果。

方法

通过MTT测定找到CeO ₂ NPs的有效浓度后，用CeO ₂ NPs预处理人心肌细胞(HCM)细胞24小时。之后，将它们暴露于 2.36 μM AlP。在 HCM 细胞中评估氧化应激和线粒体生物标志物的活性，包括线粒体肿胀、线粒体膜电位和细胞色素c释放。最后，通过流式细胞术评估凋亡和坏死细胞的数量。

结果

24 h后，数据显示所有测试的CeO ₂ NPs浓度都是安全的，选择其中25和50 μM作为有效浓度。氧化应激标记物（丙二醛、蛋白质羰基、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶）表明，CeO ₂ NPs 由于其抗氧化特性可以成功减少 AlP 中毒。通过用 CeO ₂ NP 预处理 HCM 细胞也可以恢复线粒体标记。此外，用CeO ₂ NPs进行预处理可以补偿AlP对活细胞的减少，并导致早期和晚期凋亡细胞数量的减少。