PURPOSE The primary aim was to identify and quantify differences in interlimb asymmetry magnitudes across a battery of upper extremity strength and performance tests at four and six months after glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation surgery shoulder stabilisation in contact and collision athletes compared to an un-injured group. A secondary aim was to investigate if identified asymmetry magnitudes changed from four months to six months post glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation. The third aim was to explore associations within the different performance and strength variables. METHODS Fifty-six male contact and collision sport athletes who had had undergone unilateral glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation were tested at 4 and 6 months post-surgery. An un-injured control group (n = 39 for upper extremity performance tests, n = 47 for isokinetic dynamometry) were tested on a single occasion. Three upper extremity force platform-based performance tests and angle-specific concentric internal and external isokinetic shoulder rotational strength were assessed, and inter-limb asymmetries were compared between the two groups. RESULTS At four months post-surgery, the glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group demonstrated significantly higher absolute interlimb asymmetry values than the un-injured group for almost all the performance test variables. In the ballistic upper-body performance tests, the glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group achieved only half the body elevation reached by the un-injured (counter-movement push-up jump height (η2 = 0.50) and press-jump jump height (η2 = 0.39)). At 6 months post-surgery absolute inter-limb asymmetries reduced for the performance tests variables but some asymmetry persisted. The glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation group had significantly greater absolute inter-limb asymmetries for five out of the eight isokinetic variables. CONCLUSIONS Contact and collision athletes who may be cleared to return to sport at four to six months after glenohumeral-joint-stabilisation surgery shoulder stabilisation continue to demonstrate upper limb strength and performance deficits when compared to their un-injured limb and to their un-injured counterparts.

中文翻译：

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接触和碰撞运动员盂肱关节稳定手术后上肢力量和表现缺陷。

目的 主要目的是确定和量化接触和碰撞运动员与未受伤组相比，在盂肱关节稳定手术后 4 个月和 6 个月进行的一系列上肢力量和表现测试中肢体间不对称程度的差异。第二个目的是调查在盂肱关节稳定后四个月至六个月期间，确定的不对称程度是否发生变化。第三个目标是探索不同表现和力量变量之间的关联。方法 对 56 名接受过单侧盂肱关节稳定的男性接触和碰撞运动运动员在术后 4 个月和 6 个月进行了测试。未受伤的对照组（上肢性能测试 n = 39，等速测力测试 n = 47）进行了一次测试。评估了三个基于上肢力平台的性能测试和特定角度的同心内外等速肩旋转强度，并比较了两组之间的肢体间不对称性。结果 术后四个月，盂肱关节稳定组在几乎所有性能测试变量上都表现出明显高于未受伤组的绝对肢体间不对称值。在弹道上半身性能测试中，盂肱关节稳定组仅实现了未受伤者所达到的身体高度的一半（反向运动俯卧撑跳跃高度（η2 = 0.50）和压力跳跃跳跃高度（η2 = 0.39））。术后 6 个月，性能测试变量的绝对肢体间不对称性有所减少，但一些不对称性仍然存在。盂肱关节稳定组在八个等速变量中的五个中具有显着更大的绝对肢体间不对称性。结论 与未受伤的肢体和未受伤的肢体相比，接触和碰撞运动员在盂肱关节稳定手术肩部稳定后四到六个月后可能会恢复运动，但仍表现出上肢力量和表现缺陷同行。