Lipoprotein metabolism is critical to inflammation. While the periphery and central nervous system (CNS) have separate yet connected lipoprotein systems, impaired lipoprotein metabolism is implicated in both cardiometabolic and neurological disorders. Despite the substantial investigation into the composition, structure and function of lipoproteins, the lipoprotein oxylipin profiles, their influence on lipoprotein functions, and their potential biological implications are unclear. Lipoproteins carry most of the circulating oxylipins. Importantly, lipoprotein-mediated oxylipin transport allows for endocrine signaling by these lipid mediators, long considered to have only autocrine and paracrine functions. Alterations in plasma lipoprotein oxylipin composition can directly impact inflammatory responses of lipoprotein metabolizing cells. Similar investigations of CNS lipoprotein oxylipins are non-existent to date. However, as APOE4 is associated with Alzheimer's disease-related microglia dysfunction and oxylipin dysregulation, ApoE4-dependent lipoprotein oxylipin modulation in neurological pathologies is suggested. Such investigations are crucial to bridge knowledge gaps linking oxylipin- and lipoprotein-related disorders in both periphery and CNS. Here, after providing a summary of existent literatures on lipoprotein oxylipin analysis methods, we emphasize the importance of lipoproteins in oxylipin transport and argue that understanding the compartmentalization and distribution of lipoprotein oxylipins may fundamentally alter our consideration of the roles of lipoprotein in cardiometabolic and neurological disorders.

脂蛋白代谢对于炎症至关重要。虽然外周和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 具有独立但相连的脂蛋白系统，但脂蛋白代谢受损与心脏代谢和神经系统疾病有关。尽管对脂蛋白的组成、结构和功能进行了大量研究，但脂蛋白氧脂谱、它们对脂蛋白功能的影响以及它们潜在的生物学意义尚不清楚。脂蛋白携带大部分循环氧脂质。重要的是，脂蛋白介导的氧脂素转运允许这些脂质介质的内分泌信号传导，长期以来被认为仅具有自分泌和旁分泌功能。血浆脂蛋白氧脂素组成的改变可以直接影响脂蛋白代谢细胞的炎症反应。迄今为止，尚不存在对中枢神经系统脂蛋白氧脂素的类似研究。然而，由于 APOE4 与阿尔茨海默病相关的小胶质细胞功能障碍和氧脂蛋白失调有关，因此建议在神经病理学中依赖 ApoE4 的脂蛋白氧脂蛋白调节。此类研究对于弥合外周和中枢神经系统中氧脂素和脂蛋白相关疾病之间的知识差距至关重要。在这里，在总结了有关脂蛋白氧脂分析方法的现有文献后，我们强调脂蛋白在氧脂转运中的重要性，并认为了解脂蛋白氧脂的区室化和分布可能从根本上改变我们对脂蛋白在心脏代谢和神经系统疾病中的作用的考虑。