INTRODUCTION Given the health benefits and the role of exercise as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant program, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a combined exercise program on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), body composition, and biochemical levels in adults with schizophrenia (SZ) characterized at baseline as metabolically unhealthy overweight with low CRF. METHODS Participants diagnosed with SZ (n = 112, 41.3 ± 10.4 yr, 28.7% women) were randomly assigned into a Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) control group (n = 53) or a supervised exercise group (n = 59, 3 days/week). Each combined exercise session consisted of both a low-volume high-intensity interval training (less than 10 min of high-intensity time per session) and a resistance circuit-training program. All variables were assessed pre-and post-intervention (20 weeks). For the assessment of CRF, a peak cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer was used. RESULTS Following the intervention, participants from the exercise group (n = 51) showed increases in CRF (P < 0.001) through peak oxygen uptake (L·min-1; Δ = 17.6%; mL·kg.1·min-1, Δ = 19.6%) and the metabolic equivalent of task (Δ = 19%), with no significant changes (P > 0.05) in body composition and biochemical variables. However, the TAU group (n = 38) did not show any significant change in the study variables (P > 0.05). Between-group significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were observed in CRF, first ventilatory threshold, and heart rate peak after the intervention period favoring the exercise group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a supervised combined exercise program in people with SZ helps to maintain body composition values and improve CRF levels. This could lead to an important clinical change in the characterization from metabolically unhealthy overweight to a metabolically healthy overweight population. Hence, exercise should be considered a co-adjuvant program in the treatment of the SZ population.

中文翻译：

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正如我们过去和应该做的那样，成人精神分裂症患者的联合运动训练：CORTEX-SP 研究第一部分。

引言 鉴于运动对健康的益处以及运动作为抗炎辅助方案的作用，本研究旨在确定联合运动方案对成人精神分裂症 (SZ) 心肺健康 (CRF)、身体成分和生化水平的有效性基线特征为代谢不健康的超重且 CRF 较低。方法 诊断患有 SZ 的参与者（n = 112，41.3 ± 10.4 岁，28.7% 女性）被随机分配到照常治疗 (TAU) 对照组 (n = 53) 或监督运动组 (n = 59，3天/周）。每个组合训练课程均包括低容量高强度间歇训练（每次训练的高强度时间少于 10 分钟）和阻力循环训练计划。所有变量均在干预前和干预后（20 周）进行评估。为了评估 CRF，使用了自行车测力计上的峰值心肺运动测试。结果 干预后，运动组参与者 (n = 51) 通过峰值摄氧量 (L·min-1; Δ = 17.6%; mL·kg.1·min-1, Δ = 19.6%）和任务代谢当量（Δ = 19%），身体成分和生化变量没有显着变化（P > 0.05）。然而，TAU 组 (n = 38) 的研究变量没有显示任何显着变化 (P > 0.05)。干预期后，运动组在 CRF、第一通气阈值和心率峰值方面观察到组间显着差异（P ≤ 0.05）。结论 这项研究表明，对精神分裂症患者进行监督下的综合运动计划有助于维持身体成分值并提高 CRF 水平。这可能会导致从代谢不健康的超重人群到代谢健康的超重人群的特征发生重要的临床变化。因此，运动应被视为治疗 SZ 人群的辅助辅助计划。