Appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms are considered key risk factors of disordered eating. However, their etiological status is equivocal; previous longitudinal studies have not accounted for time-invariant confounding effects and have not considered potential reverse temporal influences. In addition, whether associations differ between developmental periods and genders has remained untested. To address these issues, we employed a nationwide sample of Norwegian adolescents (N = 2,933; Mage = 15.4 years, 54.2% women) assessed at five time points until midlife. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models were used to examine the prospective associations between appearance dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and disordered eating, net of all unmeasured time-invariant confounding effects. Results showed that high levels of appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms significantly predicted increased disordered eating. Conversely, disordered eating was also a predictor of increased appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms. These reciprocal effects were equal in magnitude across developmental periods and gender. These results suggest that successful interventions to reduce appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms may alleviate disordered eating, while reduced disordered eating may have beneficial effects on appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms, regardless of age or gender. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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从青春期到中年饮食失调、外表不满意和抑郁症状之间的人内前瞻性关联：一项为期 28 年的纵向人群研究。

外表不满意和抑郁症状被认为是饮食失调的关键危险因素。然而，其病因学地位尚不明确。以前的纵向研究没有考虑时不变的混杂效应，也没有考虑潜在的逆时间影响。此外，发育时期和性别之间的关联是否存在差异尚未得到检验。为了解决这些问题，我们采用了全国范围内的挪威青少年样本（N = 2,933；Mage = 15.4 岁，54.2% 女性），在中年之前的五个时间点进行了评估。随机截取交叉滞后面板模型用于检查外观不满意、抑郁症状和饮食失调之间的前瞻性关联，扣除所有未测量的时不变混杂效应。结果显示，对外表的高度不满和抑郁症状显着预示着饮食失调的增加。相反，饮食失调也是对外表不满意和抑郁症状增加的预测因素。这些相互影响在不同发育时期和性别之间的程度是相等的。这些结果表明，减少外表不满和抑郁症状的成功干预措施可能会减轻饮食失调，而减少饮食失调可能对外表不满和抑郁症状产生有益影响，无论年龄或性别如何。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。