Competing models suggest that physical pain may play an important role in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) via pain onset or pain offset, or that pain may be absent (analgesia). Few studies have tested these models in the same sample or examined factors that could explain differences in NSSI pain experience. We assessed 1,630 individuals with NSSI histories in an online survey. We descriptively examined pain during NSSI and tested preregistered hypotheses that NSSI frequency, NSSI severity, borderline personality disorder (BPD) features, emotional pain, and dissociation during NSSI are associated with experiencing less NSSI pain. Exploratorily, we also tested whether self-punishment motives were associated with less NSSI pain. Almost all participants reported recent and frequent NSSI. Participants were heterogenous in their report of NSSI pain. We found minimal support for analgesia (reported by only 4.3% of participants). More participants reported pain onset than offset, but offset was associated with reductions in emotional pain. Emotional pain was elevated prior to NSSI and decreased significantly during and after NSSI. We found that higher dissociation during NSSI was associated with less NSSI pain. Contrary to hypotheses, NSSI severity, emotional pain prior to NSSI, and self-punishment motives were associated with greater NSSI pain. NSSI frequency and BPD features were not associated with NSSI pain. BPD features interacted with dissociation and emotional pain prior to NSSI. Findings contrast with laboratory pain induction work, suggesting that, though people who self-harm may have heightened pain tolerance, they may seek to self-injure in a manner that results in pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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非自杀性自伤之前、期间和之后的疼痛：来自大型网络研究的结果。


竞争模型表明，身体疼痛可能通过疼痛发作或疼痛抵消，或者可能不存在疼痛（镇痛），在非自杀性自伤（NSSI）中发挥重要作用。很少有研究在同一样本中测试这些模型或检查可以解释 NSSI 疼痛体验差异的因素。我们在一项在线调查中评估了 1,630 名有 NSSI 历史的人。我们描述性地检查了 NSSI 期间的疼痛，并测试了预先注册的假设，即 NSSI 频率、NSSI 严重程度、边缘性人格障碍 (BPD) 特征、情绪痛苦和 NSSI 期间的分离与经历较少的 NSSI 疼痛有关。我们还探索性地测试了自我惩罚动机是否与减少 NSSI 疼痛有关。几乎所有参与者都报告了近期频繁出现的 NSSI。参与者对 NSSI 疼痛的报告各不相同。我们发现对镇痛的支持很少（只有 4.3% 的参与者报告）。报告疼痛发作的参与者多于疼痛缓解，但疼痛缓解与情绪痛苦的减少有关。在 NSSI 之前情绪痛苦升高，在 NSSI 期间和之后显着减轻。我们发现 NSSI 期间较高的分离度与较少的 NSSI 疼痛相关。与假设相反，NSSI 严重程度、NSSI 之前的情绪痛苦以及自我惩罚动机与更大的 NSSI 疼痛相关。 NSSI 频率和 BPD 特征与 NSSI 疼痛无关。在 NSSI 之前，BPD 特征与分离和情绪痛苦相互作用。研究结果与实验室疼痛诱导工作形成鲜明对比，表明尽管自残者可能具有更高的疼痛耐受性，但他们可能会寻求以导致疼痛的方式进行自残。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。