Novel and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a key issue of concern in global environmental studies. In this study, air, sediment, and wastewater samples were collected from areas in and/or surrounded by fluorochemical-related industrial facilities to characterize the contamination profiles of neutral and novel PFAS (n-PFAS) using a gas chromatograph-based target and non-target analyses. Fluorotelomer alcohols were predominant in the samples, accounting for 80 % of the n-PFAS, followed by fluorotelomer acrylates. Air samples collected proximate to the durable water repellent (DWR) facility had the highest concentration of n-PFAS, which was approximately two orders of magnitude higher than those found in others. Non-target analysis identified fluorotelomer iodides and fluorotelomer methacrylate in multiple matrices near DWR facilities, indicating significant contamination of n-PFAS. Levels of both C6- and C8-based PFAS reflected a shift in usage patterns from C8- to C6-based fluorochemicals. Matrix-dependent profiles of n-PFAS revealed that shorter-chain (e.g., C6) and longer-chain (>C8) PFAS were predominant in air and sediment, respectively, implying that air and sediment are mobile and secondary sources of PFAS. Untreated and treated industrial wastewater also contained n-PFAS and their transformation products. The findings shed light on our understanding of the multi-matrix distribution and transport of PFAS.

新型和新兴的全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是全球环境研究中关注的一个关键问题。在这项研究中，从氟化物相关工业设施内和/或周围的区域收集了空气、沉积物和废水样品，以使用基于气相色谱仪的目标和非-目标分析。样品中以含氟调聚物醇为主，占 n-PFAS 的 80%，其次是含氟调聚物丙烯酸酯。在耐用防水 (DWR) 设施附近采集的空气样本中 n-PFAS 浓度最高，比其他设施中发现的浓度高出大约两个数量级。非目标分析发现 DWR 设施附近的多个基质中存在含氟调聚物碘化物和含氟调聚物甲基丙烯酸酯，表明 n-PFAS 存在严重污染。 C6 和 C8 PFAS 的含量反映了使用模式从 C8 向 C6 氟化物的转变。 n-PFAS 的基质依赖性分布表明，短链（例如，C6）和长链（>C8）PFAS 分别在空气和沉积物中占主导地位，这意味着空气和沉积物是 PFAS 的流动来源和次要来源。未经处理和处理过的工业废水还含有 n-PFAS 及其转化产物。这些发现加深了我们对 PFAS 多基质分布和传输的理解。