Purpose of Review

Forests support most global terrestrial biodiversity and contribute to the livelihood of billions of people, but these and other benefits are in jeopardy due to global change. This leads to questions, such as how to address the challenges of global change in forest management, given the lack of knowledge and deep uncertainty about future developments. In addition, many of the impediments to implement adaptation strategies are unknown.

Recent Findings

Here, we present an overview of results from a global survey of 754 forestry professionals (370 researchers and educators, 227 practicing foresters, 37 policymakers, 64 administrators, and 56 with other or unspecified roles) from 61 countries across 6 continents who were interested in global change issues. These professionals were asked about their opinion regarding three different adaptation strategies: resist, adapt, and transform. Most respondents agreed that the majority of global change factors will negatively influence the ability of forests to provide desired ecosystem services. Similarly, they agreed about major challenges when implementing adaptation strategies and specifically whether our current knowledge base is sufficient. These concerns were not limited to ecological aspects, but respondents also highlighted the need for a better appreciation of social/political and economic barriers, especially regarding transformation strategies. In addition, the response patterns, including differences due to economic status, highlight the importance of developing and evaluating adaptation strategies in a local social–ecological context.

Summary

Our study demonstrates a widespread perception on the part of forestry professionals around the world, especially among researchers and practitioners, that many global change factors will affect sustainable forest management negatively, resulting in the need for active silvicultural adaption. The results also suggest potential barriers to different adaptation strategies, particularly a relative lack of information and social acceptance for transform strategies. Further, this study highlights the importance of social and political factors and the need to understand the general public’s values regarding adaptation strategies as well as how the influence of public opinion is perceived by forest managers.

中文翻译：

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面对全球变化的林业：全球专业人员调查结果

审查目的

森林支持着全球大部分陆地生物多样性，并为数十亿人的生计做出了贡献，但这些利益和其他利益因全球变化而受到威胁。这引发了一些问题，例如，鉴于缺乏知识和未来发展的严重不确定性，如何应对全球森林管理变化的挑战。此外，实施适应战略的许多障碍尚不清楚。

最近的发现

在此，我们概述了对来自 6 大洲 61 个国家的 754 名林业专业人员（370 名研究人员和教育工作者、227 名执业林务员、37 名政策制定者、64 名管理人员以及 56 名其他或未指定角色）进行的全球调查结果，他们对以下问题感兴趣：全球变化问题。这些专业人士被问及对三种不同适应策略的看法：抵抗、适应和转变。大多数受访者同意，大多数全球变化因素将对森林提供所需生态系统服务的能力产生负面影响。同样，他们同意实施适应策略时面临的主要挑战，特别是我们当前的知识库是否足够。这些担忧不仅限于生态方面，受访者还强调需要更好地了解社会/政治和经济障碍，特别是在转型战略方面。此外，响应模式，包括因经济状况而产生的差异，凸显了在当地社会生态背景下制定和评估适应策略的重要性。

概括

我们的研究表明，世界各地林业专业人士，特别是研究人员和从业人员普遍认为，许多全球变化因素将对可持续森林管理产生负面影响，从而需要积极的造林适应。结果还表明，不同的适应策略存在潜在障碍，特别是转型策略相对缺乏信息和社会接受度。此外，本研究强调了社会和政治因素的重要性，以及了解公众对适应战略的价值观的必要性，以及森林管理者如何看待公众舆论的影响。