Ustilaginoidea virens is a destructive phytopathogenic fungus that causes false smut disease in rice. In this study, the natural product 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) was found to be an environmentally friendly and effective agent for the first time, which exhibited strong antifungal activity against U. virens, with an EC₅₀ value of 0.087 mmol/L. The scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence staining, and biochemical assays indicated that 2,4-DTBP could destroy the cell wall, cell membrane, and cellular redox homeostasis of U. virens, ultimately resulting in fungal cell death. Through the transcriptomic analysis, a total of 353 genes were significantly upregulated and 367 genes were significantly downregulated, focusing on the spindle microtubule assembly, cell wall and membrane, redox homeostasis, mycotoxin biosynthesis, and intracellular metabolism. These results enhanced the understanding of the antifungal activity and action mechanisms of 2,4-DTBP against U. virens, supporting it to be a potential antifungal agent for the control of false smut disease.

中文翻译：

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2,4-二叔丁基苯酚对黑粉菌的抗真菌活性及作用机制

黑粉菌是一种破坏性植物病原真菌，可引起水稻黑穗病。本研究首次发现天然产物2,4-二叔丁基苯酚(2,4-DTBP)是一种环境友好的有效制剂，对U. virens表现出很强的抗真菌活性，具有良好的抗真菌活性。 EC ₅₀值为0.087 mmol/L。扫描电镜、荧光染色和生化分析表明，2,4-DTBP可以破坏绿霉菌的细胞壁、细胞膜和细胞氧化还原稳态，最终导致真菌细胞死亡。通过转录组分析，共有353个基因显着上调，367个基因显着下调，重点关注纺锤体微管组装、细胞壁和细胞膜、氧化还原稳态、霉菌毒素生物合成和细胞内代谢。这些结果增强了人们对 2,4-DTBP 抗U. virens的抗真菌活性和作用机制的了解，支持其成为控制黑穗病的潜在抗真菌剂。