<br>微藻虾青素通过介导鲤鱼头肾淋巴细胞（Cyprinus carpio L.）线粒体 Ca2+ 稳态来改善聚苯乙烯微塑料引发的坏死性凋亡和炎症,Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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微藻虾青素通过介导鲤鱼头肾淋巴细胞（Cyprinus carpio L.）线粒体 Ca2+ 稳态来改善聚苯乙烯微塑料引发的坏死性凋亡和炎症
Fish & Shellfish Immunology ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109205
Lei Diao ₁ , Meiqi Ding ₁ , Hongzhen Sun ₂ , Yawei Xu ₁ , Rui Yin ₁ , Huijie Chen ₁

Affiliation

聚苯乙烯微塑料 (PM) 是一个紧迫的全球环境问题，对水生生态系统构成重大风险。微藻虾青素 (MA) 是一种血红素色素，可保护细胞免受自由基引起的氧化损伤，自由基会导致各种健康状况，包括衰老、炎症和慢性疾病。在此，我们基于用 PM (250 μM) 和/或 MA (100 μM) 处理的头肾淋巴细胞，研究了 MA 改善 PM 对鲤鱼 ( Cyprinus carpio L.) 免疫毒性的潜力。首先，CCK8结果表明PM导致头肾淋巴细胞过度死亡。其次，经PM处理的头肾淋巴细胞出现坏死性凋亡的比例较高，且头肾淋巴细胞中坏死性凋亡相关基因的水平升高。第三，JC-1和MitoSox的相对红色荧光强度显示经PM处理的头肾淋巴细胞中线粒体膜电位降低且mtROS增加。 MitoTracker® Green FM 荧光分析显示，PM 处理的淋巴细胞中线粒体 Ca ²⁺水平增强，证实了 PM 暴露与细胞内 Ca ²⁺动态升高之间的关联。 PM 暴露导致淋巴细胞中钙稳态相关基因（Orail、CAMKIIδ 和 SLC8A1）上调。随后的研究表明，PM 暴露降低了 miR-25-5p 的表达，同时增加了 MCU、MICU1 和 MCUR1 的水平。值得注意的是，这些影响被 MA 治疗所抵消。此外，PM导致炎症因子（IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-2和TNF-α）分泌增加，从而引起头肾淋巴细胞的免疫功能障碍。令人鼓舞的是，MA 治疗有效减轻了 PM 引起的免疫毒性作用，证明了其通过调节淋巴细胞中的 miR-25-5p/MCU 轴来改善坏死性凋亡、线粒体功能障碍和免疫损伤的潜力。这项研究为保护养殖鱼类免受 PM 造成的农业生物学威胁提供了线索，强调了 MA 在水产养殖中的宝贵应用。

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Micro-algal astaxanthin ameliorates polystyrene microplastics-triggered necroptosis and inflammation by mediating mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in carp’s head kidney lymphocytes (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Polystyrene microplastics (PM) is a pressing global environmental concern, posing substantial risks to aquatic ecosystems. Microalgal astaxanthin (MA), a heme pigment, safeguards cells against oxidative damage induced by free radicals, which contributes to various health conditions, including aging, inflammation and chronic diseases. Herein, we investigated the potential of MA in ameliorating the immunotoxicity of PM on carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) based on head kidney lymphocytes treated with PM (250 μM) and/or MA (100 μM). Firstly, CCK8 results showed that PM resulted in excessive death of head kidney lymphocytes. Secondly, head kidney lymphocytes treated with PM had a higher proportion of necroptosis, and the levels of necroptosis-related genes in head kidney lymphocytes were increased. Thirdly, the relative red fluorescence intensity of JC-1 and MitoSox showed decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mtROS in head kidney lymphocytes treated with PM. MitoTracker® Green FM fluorescence analysis revealed enhanced mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels in PM-treated lymphocytes, corroborating the association between PM exposure and elevated intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics. PM exposure resulted in upregulation of calcium homeostasis-related gene (Orail, CAMKIIδ and SLC8A1) in lymphocytes. Subsequent investigations revealed that PM exposure reduced miR-25-5p expression while increasing levels of MCU, MICU1, and MCUR1. Notably, these effects were counteracted by treatment with MA. Furthermore, PM led to the elevated secretion of inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α), thereby inducing immune dysfunction in head kidney lymphocytes. Encouragingly, MA treatment effectively mitigated the immunotoxic effects induced by PM, demonstrating its potential in ameliorating necroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and immune impairment via regulating the miR-25-5p/MCU axis in lymphocytes. This study sheds light on safeguarding farmed fish against agrobiological threats posed by PM, highlighting the valuable applications of MA in aquaculture.

更新日期：2023-10-31

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