This work reports the renewable synthesis of 3-(2-furyl)acrylic acid and its novel-substituted derivatives, with potential applications as sustainable chemical building units, starting from carbohydrate-derived 5-substituted-2-furaldehydes and malonic acid employing various organocatalysts. Piperidinium acetate as the catalyst afforded good to excellent isolated yields of the acrylic acids under solvent-free conditions. The substituted 3-(2-furyl)acrylic acids were esterified using MeSO₃H/SiO₂ as a heterogeneous acid catalyst. The 3-(2-furyl)acrylic acids containing acid-sensitive functional groups on the furan ring were esterified by dimethyl carbonate as the sustainable reagent by base-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Moreover, the olefinic group was selectively reduced by catalytic hydrogenation using 5%Pd/C as the catalyst. The catalytic processes were optimized on various reaction parameters, and the synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, NMR (¹H, ¹³C), and elemental analysis.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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通过化学催化从碳水化合物衍生的糠醛可持续合成新型3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酸及其衍生物

这项工作报道了 3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酸及其新型取代衍生物的可再生合成，作为可持续化学结构单元的潜在应用，从碳水化合物衍生的 5-取代-2-呋喃醛和丙二酸开始，使用各种有机催化剂。醋酸哌啶鎓作为催化剂在无溶剂条件下提供了良好至优异的丙烯酸分离产率。_{使用MeSO 3} H/SiO ₂作为非均相酸催化剂将取代的3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酸酯化。以碳酸二甲酯为可持续试剂，通过碱催化酯交换反应，对呋喃环上含有酸敏感官能团的3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酸进行酯化。此外，以5%Pd/C为催化剂，通过催化加氢选择性还原烯基。^{根据各种反应参数对催化过程进行了优化，并通过 FTIR、NMR ( 1} H, ¹³ C) 和元素分析对合成的化合物进行了表征。

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