<br>二嵌段和三嵌段共聚物作为功能纳米多孔材料的纳米结构前体：从设计到应用,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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二嵌段和三嵌段共聚物作为功能纳米多孔材料的纳米结构前体：从设计到应用
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09859
Benjamin Le Droumaguet ₁ , Daniel Grande ₁

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在过去的二十年里，嵌段共聚物引起了科学界的极大兴趣。这些大分子结构确实构成了理想的纳米结构前体，用于生成用于各种高附加值应用的纳米多孔材料。可控聚合技术的并行出现显着地能够精细控制其分子特征，从而赋予它们独特的结构和物理化学性质，例如低分散度值（ Đ ）、明确的体积分数和受控的功能。二嵌段或三嵌段共聚物的纳米结构和排序可以通过各种实验技术来实现，包括通道模具加工、溶剂蒸汽或热退火、非溶剂诱导的相分离或伴随的自组装以及非溶剂诱导的相分离，允许定向微相分离共聚物的制备，其形态由三个主要因素决定，即构成嵌段之间的Flory-Huggins相互作用参数、嵌段的体积分数和聚合度。这篇综述文章概述了由二嵌段或三嵌段共聚物制备功能性纳米多孔材料的实际技术水平。它还将重点介绍这种特殊材料的主要应用。

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Diblock and Triblock Copolymers as Nanostructured Precursors to Functional Nanoporous Materials: From Design to Application

Block copolymers have gained tremendous interest from the scientific community in the last two decades. These macromolecular architectures indeed constitute ideal nanostructured precursors for the generation of nanoporous materials meant for various high added value applications. The parallel emergence of controlled polymerization techniques has notably enabled to finely control their molecular features to confer them with unique structural and physicochemical properties, such as low dispersity values (Đ), well-defined volume fractions, and controlled functionality. The nanostructuration and ordering of diblock or triblock copolymers, which can be achieved through various experimental techniques, including channel die processing, solvent vapor or thermal annealing, nonsolvent-induced phase separation or concomitant self-assembly, and nonsolvent-induced phase separation, allows for the preparation of orientated microphase-separated copolymers whose morphology is dictated by three main factors, i.e., Flory–Huggins interaction parameter between constitutive blocks, volume fraction of the blocks, and polymerization degree. This review article provides an overview of the actual state of the art regarding the preparation of functional nanoporous materials from either diblock or triblock copolymers. It will also highlight the major applications of such peculiar materials.

更新日期：2023-10-31

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