This review discusses the progress achieved in chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed organic reactions. CPA has demonstrated great versatility as a catalyst, effectively contributing to various reactions like cycloadditions, Friedel-Crafts reactions, dearomatizations, conjugate additions, Pictet-Spengler reactions, tandem reactions, and other asymmetric transformations. Acting as both a chiral Brønsted acid and a Lewis base, CPA facilitates the synthesis of enantioselective organic products that hold importance in biological and pharmaceutical chemistry. This advancement in CPA-catalyzed reactions has sparked further research interest. Although several chemists have published review articles on the advancements in chiral phosphoric acid catalysis until 2019, the recent surge of research necessitates an updated summary of the latest breakthroughs. This review is organized based on the specific types of reactions involved, aiming to provide valuable insights to the scientific community and highlight significant accomplishments in chiral phosphoric acid catalysis.