Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) have been explored for applications including but not limited to water adsorption, gas storage and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, and chemical sensing. Zr-MOFs serve as a major class of functional MOFs thanks to their high thermal, chemical and hydrolytic stability, large surface area, and tunable structures with the versatile connectivity. In this work, we highlight the design and synthesis of zirconium-based MOFs as well as their applications. Specifically, we demonstrate how reticular chemistry can direct the rational design and synthesis of functional Zr-MOFs and describe their structure–property relationship. In addition, we feature synthetic strategies, including isoreticular expansion, linker functionalization, node functionalization, and defect engineering, as toolkits to construct tailored material for specific applications.

锆基金属有机框架（Zr-MOF）已被探索用于包括但不限于水吸附、气体储存和分离、多相催化和化学传感等应用。Zr-MOF 因其高热稳定性、化学稳定性和水解稳定性、大表面积以及具有多功能连接性的可调结构而成为功能性 MOF 的主要类别。在这项工作中，我们重点介绍了锆基 MOF 的设计和合成及其应用。具体来说，我们展示了网状化学如何指导功能性 Zr-MOF 的合理设计和合成，并描述它们的结构-性能关系。此外，我们还提供合成策略，包括等网状扩张、连接子功能化、节点功能化和缺陷工程，作为构建针对特定应用的定制材料的工具包。