This essay analyses Salvemini's major works on Fascism, namely The Fascist Dictatorship in Italy (1927), Mussolini Diplomate (1932) and Under the Axe of Fascism (1936). The focus of this analysis is twofold: to explore both Salvemini's methodology and the events leading to the publication of these works. In The Fascist Dictatorship in Italy, Salvemini examines the origins and the rise of Mussolini's movement, highlighting the complicity of the monarchy, the army, and industrial magnates. In Mussolini Diplomate, he analyses Fascist foreign policy from 1922 to 1932, in which Salvemini is unable to identify a consistent strategy, but only a propagandistic approach aiming to foster diplomatic relations. In Under the Axe of Fascism, Salvemini dissects Fascist economics, debunking the idea that the corporate state was an original and equitable compromise in the conflict between capital and labour, as was being portrayed abroad. An analysis of these three volumes brings into focus some noteworthy aspects of Salvemini's so-called ‘historiographical workshop’, which have hitherto been overlooked by historians (such as his adept use of sources and his endeavour to combine social sciences and economics), as well as underscoring his ability to forge cultural and intellectual networks, an essential element for undertaking such a complex task.

中文翻译：

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激进历史学家萨尔维米尼和他关于法西斯主义的出版物

本文分析了萨尔韦米尼关于法西斯主义的主要著作，即意大利法西斯独裁统治(1927),墨索里尼外交官（1932）和法西斯主义的斧头下（1936）。本分析的重点是双重的：探索萨尔维米尼的方法论和导致这些作品出版的事件。在意大利法西斯独裁统治萨尔维米尼考察了墨索里尼运动的起源和兴起，强调了君主制、军队和工业巨头的共谋。在墨索里尼外交官他分析了1922年至1932年的法西斯外交政策，其中萨尔维米尼无法确定一致的战略，而只是旨在促进外交关系的宣传方法。在法西斯主义的斧头下在《萨尔维米尼》中，萨尔维米尼剖析了法西斯经济学，揭穿了国外所描绘的公司国家是资本与劳动力冲突中原始且公平的妥协方案的观点。对这三卷的分析凸显了萨尔维米尼所谓的“史学研讨会”的一些值得注意的方面，这些方面迄今为止一直被历史学家所忽视（例如他对资料来源的熟练使用以及他将社会科学和经济学结合起来的努力）。强调他建立文化和知识网络的能力，这是承担如此复杂任务的一个基本要素。