The data for a 23-year period (2000–2022) on the population dynamics and distribution of the lake smelt (a form of the European smelt Osmerus eperlanus) and the Black Sea sprat Clupeonella cultriventris in the Rybinsk Reservoir have been summarized. The lake smelt dominated the reservoir pelagial from the 1950s to the mid-1990s. An anomalously low water level in the reservoir in 1996 and abnormal (for this reservoir) water warming in subsequent years led to elimination of the species from the reservoir ichthyofauna in 2002. The Black-Sea sprat invaded the reservoir in the mid-1990s; its population irruption occurred in the early 2000s (during the depressed state of the smelt population). Currently, this species dominates in the pelagial of the reservoir. Since the early 2000s there were noted two periods when the lake smelt was found in practically all parts of the Rybinsk Reservoir and the sprat abundance was also high. However, high water temperatures in 2010 and 2021, as well as low level in 2014, resulted in almost complete disappearance of the lake smelt disappeared. During the periods of cohabitation of the studied species, a significant similarity in the diet of individuals of both species with the size of up to 80 mm has been noted. The larger smelt fed on larger plankton, and in the summer also on fish. Currently, the main limiting factor negatively affecting the recovery of the smelt population in the Rybinsk Reservoir is the abnormal heating of the water column in some years.

总结了雷宾斯克水库 23 年（2000 年至 2022 年）关于胡瓜鱼（欧洲胡瓜鱼Osmerus eperlanus的一种）和黑海鲱Clupeonella cultriventris的种群动态和分布的数据。从 20 世纪 50 年代到 90 年代中期，胡瓜鱼在水库浮游中占主导地位。1996 年水库水位异常低，随后几年（对于该水库）水体异常变暖，导致该物种于 2002 年从水库鱼类动物群中消失。黑海鲱鱼于 20 世纪 90 年代中期入侵水库；其种群数量激增发生在2000年代初期（当时胡瓜鱼种群数量处于低迷状态）。目前，该物种在水库的上层鱼类中占主导地位。自 2000 年代初期以来，有两个时期在雷宾斯克水库的几乎所有地区都发现了湖公鱼，而且鲱鱼丰度也很高。然而，2010年和2021年的高水温以及2014年的低水位导致湖公鱼几乎完全消失。在所研究的物种共居期间，两个体型最大为 80 毫米的物种的个体在饮食上显着相似。较大的胡瓜鱼以较大的浮游生物为食，在夏季也以鱼类为食。目前，影响雷宾斯克水库胡瓜鱼种群恢复的主要限制因素是某些年份水体异常升温。