恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）和食蟹猴（Macaca fasciculis）的基因组分析揭示了强化物种形成的多基因特征,Ecology and Evolution

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恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）和食蟹猴（Macaca fasciculis）的基因组分析揭示了强化物种形成的多基因特征
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-15 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10571
Nick Bailey ₁ , Cody Ruiz ₂ , Anthony Tosi ₂ , Laurie Stevison ₁

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物种形成可能涉及异源性的不同适应阶段以及同源性或近源性的生态/生殖特征位移。生殖性状置换可以作为防止杂交的一种手段，这一过程被称为强化物种形成。在这项研究中，我们使用了两种密切相关的灵长类动物（恒河猴（ Macaca mulatta）和食蟹猴（M. fascicularis））的全基因组测序（WGS）来鉴定表现出生殖特征位移和基因渗入的基因。与强化形态一致的其他模式。通过对各种群体遗传统计数据进行窗口扫描来识别强化特征，我们发现了 184 个与各种功能相关的候选基因，包括过度表达的多种神经功能以及涉及性发育和配子发生的几个基因。这些结果与这些物种之间的强化过程中发挥作用的各种基因是一致的。我们还发现了 Y 染色体基因渗入的特征，这证实了之前的研究表明，雄性驱动的M. mulatta基因渗入到M. fasciculis群体中。本研究使用全基因组测序来寻找灵长类动物强化过程的证据，这些证据具有医学和保护相关性。

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Genomic analysis of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and the cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) uncover polygenic signatures of reinforcement speciation

Speciation can involve phases of divergent adaptation in allopatry and ecological/reproductive character displacement in sympatry or parapatry. Reproductive character displacement can result as a means of preventing hybridization, a process known as reinforcement speciation. In this study, we use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of two closely related primate species that have experienced introgression in their history, the rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) macaques, to identify genes exhibiting reproductive character displacement and other patterns consistent with reinforcement speciation. Using windowed scans of various population genetic statistics to identify signatures of reinforcement, we find 184 candidate genes associated with a variety of functions, including an overrepresentation of multiple neurological functions and several genes involved in sexual development and gametogenesis. These results are consistent with a variety of genes acting in a reinforcement process between these species. We also find signatures of introgression of the Y-chromosome that confirm previous studies suggesting male-driven introgression of M. mulatta into M. fascicularis populations. This study uses WGS to find evidence of the process of reinforcement in primates that have medical and conservation relevance.

更新日期：2023-10-16

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