微流合成磷肥配方以提高土壤中的磷含量和小麦对磷的吸收,Green Chemistry

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微流合成磷肥配方以提高土壤中的磷含量和小麦对磷的吸收
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d3gc02859c
Tu Nguyen Quang Le _{1,

2} , Karen Robertson ₃ , Marc Escribà-Gelonch _{4,

5} , Petra Marschner ₆ , Nam Nghiep Tran _{1,

7} , Philip Michael Williams ₈ , Ian Fisk _{2,

9} , Volker Hessel _{1,

10}

Affiliation

School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Laboratoire de Génie des Procédées Catalytiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) – UMR 5285, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, France
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
School of Chemical Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Library Rd, Coventry, UK

几十年来，高水溶性商业磷（P）肥料一直是农业中最常见的磷形式，但其释放效率可能较低，因为磷酸盐离子很容易与土壤中的阳离子结合形成沉淀物或高水溶性物质，渗入附近水源，从而造成富营养化。使用盘管流逆变器（CFI）制备了一种新的磷肥配方，其包含三种主要成分：固体磷源（双相磷酸钙）、土壤修复剂（柠檬酸根离子）和粘合剂（壳聚糖）。我们的研究是第一个评估流动材料的肥料性能的研究，这种材料是一种具有结构和功能复杂性的成品，我们还通过土壤实验证明了其性能。我们提供了这种复杂产品规模的概念验证，这可能表明其商业应用的潜力。评价配制肥料的关键因素是释磷效率、土壤有效磷和磷吸收量。在培养实验中，施用所制备的制剂的土壤中有效磷的含量是施用商品磷灰石的土壤的三倍（概率值，p值<0.05），并且与施用商品磷肥的土壤一样高。培养14天后，配制的肥料中施入的磷有63%释放到土壤中。与磷矿相比，不含壳聚糖的配方在 Scepter 小麦中表现出更高的磷吸收量。在土柱实验中，商品磷肥在23天后的磷泄漏量增加了一倍，并且与制备的配方相比，具有波动的释放行为。其批量合成和流动合成（8 mL min ^-1）具有相似的绿色化学指标，包括 0.4 kg kg ^-1的 E 因子。CS-ACP-Cit 的连续流生产的生产率比批量生产高 1.9 倍。该工艺的循环度（由材料循环指标 (MCI) 表示）在考虑实验回收数据的同时，所有工艺步骤和复合材料的循环度都很高，得分在 0.8 范围内，考虑到这是一个非-循环，这很有趣。优化的流程。圆形度评估考虑了复合材料的性能，其表示为MCI 的强度因子（ U；性能）和寿命（L ）。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Microflow synthesis of a formulation of phosphorus fertiliser to enhance the P content in soil and P uptake in wheat

Highly soluble commercial phosphorus (P) fertilisers have been the most common form of P applied in agriculture for decades, but their releasing efficiency can be low because phosphate ions can easily bind with cations in the soil to form precipitates or highly water-soluble species, leaching into nearby water sources and thus causing eutrophication. Using a coiled flow inverter (CFI), a new formulation of phosphorus fertiliser was prepared containing three main components: a solid P source (biphasic calcium phosphate), a soil remediation agent (citrate ions) and a binding agent (chitosan). Our study is the first to assess the fertiliser performance of a material made in flow that is a finished product exhibiting structural and functional complexity, and we have also demonstrated its performance by soil experiments. We provide a proof of concept at scale of this complex product, which may indicate its potential for commercial application. The key factors used to evaluate the prepared fertiliser were the P-releasing efficiency, soil-available P and P uptake. In the incubation experiment, the available P in soil applied with the prepared formulation was three times higher than soil applied with commercial apatite (probability value, p-value < 0.05) and was as high as soil applied with commercial P fertiliser. After incubating for 14 days, 63% of the applied P in the prepared fertiliser was released into the soil. The formulation without chitosan exhibited a higher uptake of P in Scepter wheat in comparison with phosphate rock. In the soil-column experiment, the commercial P fertiliser leaked double the amount of phosphorus after 23 days and had a fluctuated releasing behaviour when compared with the prepared formulation. Its batch synthesis and flow synthesis (8 mL min⁻¹) shared similar green chemistry metrics, including an E-factor of 0.4 kg kg⁻¹. Continuous-flow production for CS–ACP–Cit showed a higher productivity than the batch production by a factor of 1.9. The circularity of the process, denoted by the Materials Circularity Indicator (MCI), while considering experimental recycling data, was high for all the process steps and composites, scoring in the range of 0.8, which was interesting, considering that this was a non-optimised process. The circularity assessment took account of the performance of the composites, which is expressed as the intensity factor (U; performance) and lifetime (L) of the MCI.

更新日期：2023-10-12

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