Camellia oleifera fruit shells are often discarded as byproducts in the C. oleifera industry. There is a general interest in isolating high-value natural products to valorize those fruit shells with green, rapid, and effective extraction methods. This study employed 43 combinations of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to extract polysaccharides from C. oleifera fruit shells. Two choline chloride-based DESs and a ternary DES with propionic acid and 1,3-butanediol as hydrogen bond donors exhibited relatively high extraction efficiency. The polysaccharide yield reached 15.03 ± 0.35 % under optimized extraction time (55 min), extraction temperature (70 °C), and DES water content (33.33 %). The physicochemical composition and preliminary structure of obtained polysaccharides were characterized. Additionally, DESs-extracted polysaccharides exhibited higher in vitro antioxidant activities and hypoglycemic effects compared to water-extracted polysaccharides. These findings suggested that the optimized DES-assisted extraction method could be a potential approach for polysaccharides extraction from C. oleifera.

油茶果壳经常作为油茶工业的副产品被丢弃。人们普遍感兴趣的是通过绿色、快速、有效的提取方法分离高价值的天然产物，以提高这些果壳的价值。本研究采用 43 种低共熔溶剂 (DES) 组合从油茶果壳中提取多糖。两种基于氯化胆碱的 DES 和一种以丙酸和 1,3-丁二醇作为氢键供体的三元 DES 表现出相对较高的萃取效率。在优化提取时间（55 min）、提取温度（70℃）和DES含水量（33.33%）下，多糖得率达到15.03±0.35%。对所得多糖的理化组成和初步结构进行了表征。此外，与水提取多糖相比，DES 提取多糖表现出更高的体外抗氧化活性和降血糖作用。这些结果表明，优化的 DES 辅助提取方法可能是从油茶中提取多糖的潜在方法。