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Humidity-Induced Degradation Processes of Halide Perovskites Unveiled by Correlative Analytical Electron Microscopy
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300901
Salim Mejaouri 1, 2, 3 , Stefania Cacovich 4 , Philippe Baranek 1, 2 , Baptiste Bérenguier 4 , Iwan Zimmermann 2 , Armelle Yaiche 1, 2 , Dominique Loisnard 5 , Jean Rousset 1, 2 , Stéphane Collin 2, 3
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300901
Salim Mejaouri 1, 2, 3 , Stefania Cacovich 4 , Philippe Baranek 1, 2 , Baptiste Bérenguier 4 , Iwan Zimmermann 2 , Armelle Yaiche 1, 2 , Dominique Loisnard 5 , Jean Rousset 1, 2 , Stéphane Collin 2, 3
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Improving the stability of lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for industrialization is currently a major challenge. It is shown that moisture induces changes in global PSC performance, altering the nature of the absorber through phase transition or segregation. Understanding how the material evolves in a wet environment is crucial for optimizing device performance and stability. Here, the chemical and structural evolution of state-of-the-art hybrid perovskite thin-film Cs0.05(MA0.15FA0.85)0.95Pb(I0.84 Br0.16)3 (CsMAFA) is investigated after aging under controlled humidity with analytical characterization techniques. The analysis is performed at different scales through Photoluminescence, X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy, Cathodoluminescence, Selected Area Electron Diffraction, and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. From the analysis of the degradation products from the perovskite layer and by the correlation of their optical and chemical properties at a microscopic level, different phases such as lead–iodide (PbI2), inorganic mixed halide CsPb(I0.9Br0.1)3 and lead-rich CsPb2(I0.74Br0.26)5 perovskite are evidenced. These phases demonstrate a high degree of crystallinity that induces unique geometrical shapes and drastically affects the optoelectronic properties of the thin film. By identifying the precise nature of these specific species, the multi-scale approach provides insights into the degradation mechanisms of hybrid perovskite materials, which can be used to improve PSC stability.
中文翻译：
相关分析电子显微镜揭示卤化物钙钛矿的湿度诱导降解过程
提高卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的稳定性以实现产业化是目前面临的重大挑战。结果表明，水分会引起整体 PSC 性能的变化，通过相变或偏析改变吸收剂的性质。了解材料在潮湿环境中如何演变对于优化设备性能和稳定性至关重要。在此，通过分析表征，研究了最先进的杂化钙钛矿薄膜 Cs 0.05 (MA 0.15 FA 0.85 ) 0.95 Pb(I 0.84 Br 0.16 ) 3 (CsMAFA) 在受控湿度下老化后的化学和结构演化技术。通过光致发光、X 射线衍射光谱、阴极发光、选区电子衍射和能量色散 X 射线光谱在不同尺度上进行分析。通过对钙钛矿层降解产物的分析以及它们在微观水平上的光学和化学性质的相关性，不同的相如碘化铅（PbI 2 ）、无机混合卤化物CsPb（I 0.9 Br 0.1 ） 3和证明了富铅CsPb 2 (I 0.74 Br 0.26 ) 5钙钛矿。这些相表现出高度的结晶度，从而产生独特的几何形状并极大地影响薄膜的光电特性。通过识别这些特定物种的精确性质，多尺度方法可以深入了解杂化钙钛矿材料的降解机制，可用于提高 PSC 稳定性。
更新日期：2023-10-06
中文翻译：
相关分析电子显微镜揭示卤化物钙钛矿的湿度诱导降解过程
提高卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的稳定性以实现产业化是目前面临的重大挑战。结果表明，水分会引起整体 PSC 性能的变化，通过相变或偏析改变吸收剂的性质。了解材料在潮湿环境中如何演变对于优化设备性能和稳定性至关重要。在此，通过分析表征，研究了最先进的杂化钙钛矿薄膜 Cs 0.05 (MA 0.15 FA 0.85 ) 0.95 Pb(I 0.84 Br 0.16 ) 3 (CsMAFA) 在受控湿度下老化后的化学和结构演化技术。通过光致发光、X 射线衍射光谱、阴极发光、选区电子衍射和能量色散 X 射线光谱在不同尺度上进行分析。通过对钙钛矿层降解产物的分析以及它们在微观水平上的光学和化学性质的相关性，不同的相如碘化铅（PbI 2 ）、无机混合卤化物CsPb（I 0.9 Br 0.1 ） 3和证明了富铅CsPb 2 (I 0.74 Br 0.26 ) 5钙钛矿。这些相表现出高度的结晶度，从而产生独特的几何形状并极大地影响薄膜的光电特性。通过识别这些特定物种的精确性质，多尺度方法可以深入了解杂化钙钛矿材料的降解机制，可用于提高 PSC 稳定性。
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