<br>基于 CRISPR 的疾病检测和监测精准分子诊断,ACS Applied Bio Materials

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基于 CRISPR 的疾病检测和监测精准分子诊断
ACS Applied Bio Materials ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 , DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00439
Akshara Kulkarni ₁ , Sadiya Tanga ₂ , Arkadeep Karmakar ₃ , Arpita Hota ₃ , Basudeb Maji _{1,

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Affiliation

灵敏、快速和便携式分子诊断是疾病监测、遏制和治疗的未来。最近的 SARS-CoV-2 大流行提醒我们，生命在不断进化的病原体面前非常脆弱。与此同时，它提供了通过将基础分子生物学转化为治疗工具来弥合差距的机会。其中一种分子生物学技术是 CRISPR（成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列），它在当时的需要下彻底改变了分子诊断领域。由于易于进行基因操作，CRISPR-Cas 系统的使用在生物学研究中得到了广泛的应用。 2012年，CRISPR-Cas系统首次被证明是可重新编程的，即能够进行序列特异性基因编辑。这一发现推动了 CRISPR-Cas 研究领域的发展，并在基因编辑领域开辟了从基础研究到治疗学的许多未探索的途径。从这一发现中受益匪浅的一个领域是分子诊断，因为使用 CRISPR-Cas 技术使现有的诊断方法变得更加灵敏、准确和便携，这是疾病控制的必要条件。本综述旨在捕捉该领域的一些发展轨迹和进展，并提供对这些方法及其作为即时诊断的潜在用途的全面了解。

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CRISPR-Based Precision Molecular Diagnostics for Disease Detection and Surveillance

Sensitive, rapid, and portable molecular diagnostics is the future of disease surveillance, containment, and therapy. The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has reminded us of the vulnerability of lives from ever-evolving pathogens. At the same time, it has provided opportunities to bridge the gap by translating basic molecular biology into therapeutic tools. One such molecular biology technique is CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) which has revolutionized the field of molecular diagnostics at the need of the hour. The use of CRISPR-Cas systems has been widespread in biology research due to the ease of performing genetic manipulations. In 2012, CRISPR-Cas systems were, for the first time, shown to be reprogrammable, i.e., capable of performing sequence-specific gene editing. This discovery catapulted the field of CRISPR-Cas research and opened many unexplored avenues in the field of gene editing, from basic research to therapeutics. One such field that benefitted greatly from this discovery was molecular diagnostics, as using CRISPR-Cas technologies enabled existing diagnostic methods to become more sensitive, accurate, and portable, a necessity in disease control. This Review aims to capture some of the trajectories and advances made in this arena and provides a comprehensive understanding of the methods and their potential use as point-of-care diagnostics.

更新日期：2023-10-03

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