This study investigated the antibacterial activity of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) impregnated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with pomegranate extract. The CNFs were obtained from cellulose extracted from coconut fiber. The pomegranate-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The cytotoxicity was analyzed by an MTT assay in murine fibroblasts (L929) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT). CNFs impregnated with pomegranate-AuNPs were characterized by TEM, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, ICP-MS and DLS, and the antibacterial activity was analyzed against the gram-positive strains: Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, and the gram-negative strains: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, we show that CNFs impregnated with pomegranate-AuNPs form a stable, non-cytotoxic material with expressive antibacterial activity, as demonstrated by a reduction of between 60% and 99% in the number of S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa colonies. Therefore, the biohybrid material developed here, which is both inexpensive and easy to produce, shows considerable potential for antibacterial and industrial applications.

本研究研究了用石榴提取物功能化的金纳米颗粒 (AuNP) 浸渍的纤维素纳米纤维 ( CNF )的抗菌活性。CNF 是从椰子纤维中提取的纤维素获得的。通过紫外-可见光、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、动态光散射（DLS）和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）对石榴-AuNPs进行了表征。通过 MTT 测定对小鼠成纤维细胞 (L929) 和人角质形成细胞 (HaCaT) 进行细胞毒性分析。通过 TEM、能量色散 X 射线 (EDX) 分析、ICP-MS 和 DLS 对浸渍石榴-AuNPs 的 CNF 进行表征，并分析其对革兰氏阳性菌株的抗菌活性：金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌，以及革兰氏阴性菌株：大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌。在这项研究中，我们表明，用石榴金纳米颗粒浸渍的 CNF 形成了一种稳定的、非细胞毒性的材料，具有良好的抗菌活性，金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌的数量减少了 60% 至 99%。铜绿假单胞菌菌落。因此，这里开发的生物混合材料既便宜又易于生产，在抗菌和工业应用方面显示出巨大的潜力。